taVNS group:In the taVNS group, a transauricular vagus nerve electrical stimulator was placed in the left ear for stimulation treatment

Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on post-anesthetic recovery in elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery: a randomized controlled clinical study

Effects of percutaneous vagal nerve stimulation on sleep quality in patients undergoing radical breast cancer surgery: a prospective, randomized controlled clinical study