Tizanididne, Levobupicaine, Lower Limb Surgery, Pain, Chronic
Conditions
Keywords
tizanidine
Brief summary
Tizanidine, alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, provides analgesic and hemodynamic benefits, which could enhance the efficacy of local anaesthetics. This randomized controlled trial examines the effectiveness of oral tizanidine as an adjunct to intrathecal levobupivacaine for spinal anaesthesia in lower limb surgeries
Interventions
DRUGTizanidine
Group T received 3 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric levobupivacaine and 4 mg of oral tizanidine 1 hour before surgery
Sponsors
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, UP
All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Caregiver)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* patients aged 18 to 60 years with an ASA grade of I-II, who were scheduled for elective lower limb surgeries with a duration of less than 2 hours and 30 mins.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients with certain conditions such as pregnancy, coagulopathy, cerebrovascular disease, systemic infections, inability to understand the study protocol, allergy to local anaesthetics, psychiatric disorders affecting evaluation, infection at the injection site, kidney and liver diseases, myelopathy or peripheral neuropathy, spinal stenosis, prior spinal surgeries, raised intracranial pressure, multiple sclerosis, spina bifida, those receiving thromboprophylaxis and refusal to participate in the study were excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Onset of action | intraoperative period after the spinal anaesthesia was given | The duration of the sensory block was measured using the two-segment regression method, while the time until the first need for pain relief after surgery was used to determine the duration of analgesia. The modified Bromage scale was used to assess motor block. (0 = Ability to flex hips, knees, and ankles without paralysis; 1 = the ability to move the knees but not extend the legs; 2 = ability to flex at the ankles but not the knees; 3 = unable to move any part of the lower limb). The time between the injection and the highest Bromage score was used to determine the onset time of motor block. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| pain score | intraoperative and post operative period up to 24 hours | Intraoperatively patients' Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores were assessed. Post operatively VAS score will be assessed in PACU every 4th hourly up to 24 hours . The time to the first analgesic requirement was recorded, with tramadol (100 mg) administered when VAS scores exceeded 4. VAS score 0 is no pain and 10 is intense pain. |
Countries
India
Outcome results
None listed