Overweight and Obesity
Conditions
Keywords
women, glycemic control, exercise
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to assess whether post-exercise Greek yogurt following a single session of aerobic exercise improves metabolic and musculoskeletal health in women with overweight/obesity.
Detailed description
Following the acquisition of informed consent, eligibility to participate in the study will be determined using questionnaires. Participants will undergo baseline testing at our laboratory at the University of Toronto to determine cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and undergo exercise familiarization. Eligible participants will be assigned, in a random order, to two metabolic trials approximately 4 weeks apart that involve 4 days of controlled diet and exercise. Each trial takes place over 4 days, but participants are not required to come to the laboratory on all days. The two trials involve: 1) Exercise + Greek Yogurt (GY) 2) Exercise + a carbohydrate-based study supplement (SS). During the 4 day trials, participants consume controlled diets and the study supplements (GY and SS). On 1 of these days participants will perform exercise in our lab followed by the consumption of GY or SS. Various outcomes will be measured throughout the trial, including glycemic control (via continuous glucose monitoring), fat oxidation, appetite and health outcomes in blood samples. Throughout the duration of the study, participants will be asked to maintain their habitual diet and physical activity patterns, and maintain their current body weight.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALGreek yogurt
Following 2 days of controlled diet, participants will consume greek yogurt following high-intensity interval exercise
BEHAVIORALCarbohydrate-based study supplement
Following 2 days of controlled diet, participants will consume a carbohydrate-based study supplement following high-intensity interval exercise
BEHAVIORALExercise
Following 2 days of controlled diet, participants will perform high-intensity interval exercise following an overnight fast
Sponsors
University of Toronto
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 18-45 yrs * BMI ≥27 kg/m2 * Elevated waist circumference (≥88 cm) * ≤2 structured exercise sessions/week * Weight stable (within ± 2kg for at least 6 months) * Experiencing regular natural menstrual cycles * Non-smoker
Exclusion criteria
* Allergy to dairy foods * Diagnosed lactose intolerance or an aversion to foods provided during the study (e.g., post-exercise snacks) * Previous history of cardiovascular or metabolic disease * The use of medication for managing blood glucose or lipid metabolism * Current use of oral contraceptives or use within the last 3 months * Irregular menstrual cycles (\<21 days or \>35 days) * Pregnant or lactating * Recreational tobacco or cannabis use * Inability to perform the study exercise protocols * Actively engaging in a low-carbohydrate diet (e.g., ketogenic, Atkins).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Postprandial glycemia | 24 hour post-exercise | Postprandial glucose exposure assessed using continuous glucose monitoring |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Nocturnal glucose | 6-8 hours | Overnight glucose concentration |
| Glycemic variability | 24 hours | Continuous overall net glycemic action (CONGA) |
| Post-exercise fat oxidation | 1, 2 and 3 hours post-exercise | Fat oxidation assessed with indirect calorimetry |
| 24 hours average glucose | 24 hours post-exercise | Average glucose concentration over 24 hours |
| Fasting insulin concentration | 24 hours post-exercise | Venous blood sampling |
| Fasting insulin resistance | 24 hours post-exercise | Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2) |
| Bone metabolism | 30, 90, and 180 minutes and 24 hours post-exercise | Serum concentration of CTX |
| Fasting glucose concentration | 24 hours post-exercise | Venous blood sampling |
Countries
Canada
Outcome results
None listed