Cardiovascular Risk Factor, Lipemia
Conditions
Keywords
Vascular Dysfunction
Brief summary
The purpose of this research study is to examine the effect of high-fat meals on the health of blood vessels. In addition, the study will examine how exercise/fitness/physical activity impacts blood vessels after consumption of a high-fat meal.
Detailed description
This is the first in a series of studies examining the impact of high-fat meals on blood vessels. During the preliminary visit of this study, eligible participants' resting metabolic rate, arm flow mediated dilation, and leg flow mediate dilation will be measured. They will complete handgrip and plantar flexion exercise tasks. Finally, they will be given a physical activity monitor to wear for 7 days. At their first visit, participants will eat a high-fat meal and blood will be drawn to measure blood vessel health. They will also repeat the arm flow mediated dilation, leg flow mediate dilation, handgrip, and plantar flexion exercise tests.
Interventions
OTHERHigh-fat meal
Participants will be given a serving of Marie Callendar's Chocolate Satin Pie to eat over a period of 20 minutes
Sponsors
Sigma Xi
Virginia Commonwealth University
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 30 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
1. college-age: 18-30 years old 2. normal fasting triglyceride (\<150 mg/dL) (American College of Sports Medicine Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 10th Edition). 3. normal body composition: % body fat, males \<25%, females \<32% (American College of Sports Medicine Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 10th Edition) 4. self-reported engagement in moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity and/or an exercise training regimen OR self-reported low physical activity and no engagement in an exercise training regimen (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) 5. low cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak; male: =\<45 mL/kg/min; female: =\<35 mL/kg/min; categorized as =40th percentile by ACSM Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 10th Edition; 44, 45, 46, 47) OR high cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak; male: =55 mL/kg/min; female: 45 mL/kg/min; categorized as =70th percentile by ACSM Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 10th Edition; 44, 45, 46, 47) f.) for female participants, presence of a normal, monthly menstrual cycle with or without prescribed contraceptive methods. .
Exclusion criteria
1. presence of diagnosed cardiovascular, metabolic, or renal disease or dysfunction 2. presence of signs and symptoms suggestive of cardiovascular, metabolic, or renal disease 3. presence of musculoskeletal injury 4. pregnancy 5. history of smoking 6. engagement in an abnormal eating behavior 7. unable to communicate effectively in English 8. moderate cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak; male: 46-54 mL/kg/min; female: 36-44 mL/kg/min) 9. elevated or high fasting triglycerides (\>150 mg/dL) 10. absence of a normal, monthly menstrual cycle with or without prescribed contraceptive methods
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Fasting triglycerides | Baseline | Ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids, representative of the main constituent of body fat in humans. |
| Post HFM Triglycerides | 4 hours | Ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids, representative of the main constituent of body fat in humans. |
| Fasting total cholesterol | Baseline | Type of lipid that is required for cell structure, but can contribute to increased risk of heart disease if high due to development of fatty deposits on vascular wall. |
| Post HFM total cholesterol | 4 hours | Type of lipid that is required for cell structure, but can contribute to increased risk of heart disease if high due to development of fatty deposits on vascular wall. |
| Fasting LDL | Baseline | Low density lipoprotein that transports fat molecules in the body. Associated with high levels of cholesterol. |
| Post HFM LDL | 4 hours | Low density lipoprotein that transports fat molecules in the body. Associated with high levels of cholesterol. |
| Fasting HDL | Baseline | High density lipoprotein that transports fat molecules in the body. Associated with carrying cholesterol to the liver for degradation. |
| Post HFM HDL | 4 hours | High density lipoprotein that transports fat molecules in the body. Associated with carrying cholesterol to the liver for degradation. |
| Fasting non-HDL | Baseline | Total cholesterol minus HDL, often associated with a better assessment of risk for heart disease. |
| Post HFM non-HDL | 4 hours | Total cholesterol minus HDL, often associated with a better assessment of risk for heart disease. |
| Fasting LDL/HDL ratio | Baseline | Assessment of risk for heart disease. |
| Post HFM LDL/HDL ratio | 4 hours | Assessment of risk for heart disease. |
| Fasting anti-inflammatory surface receptor expression | Baseline | CD14, CD206 - monocyte receptors associated with defining subsets and inflammatory differentiation of macrophages. |
| Post HFM anti-inflammatory surface receptor expression | 4 hours | CD14, CD206 - monocyte receptors associated with defining subsets and inflammatory differentiation of macrophages. |
| Fasting pro-inflammatory surface receptor expression | Baseline | CD16, CD86 - monocyte receptors associated with defining subsets and inflammatory differentiation of macrophages. |
| Post HFM pro-inflammatory surface receptor expression | 4 hours | CD16, CD86 - monocyte receptors associated with defining subsets and inflammatory differentiation of macrophages. |
| Fasting brachial artery flow-mediated dilation | Baseline | Dilation of brachial artery when blood flow increases in artery. Measured by non-invasive ultrasound. |
| Post HFM brachial artery flow-mediated dilation | 5.5 hours | Dilation of brachial artery when blood flow increases in artery. Measured by non-invasive ultrasound. |
| Fasting superficial artery flow-mediated dilation | Baseline | Dilation of superficial artery when blood flow increases in artery. Measured by non-invasive ultrasound. |
| Post HFM superficial artery flow-mediated dilation | 5.5 hours | Dilation of superficial artery when blood flow increases in artery. Measured by non-invasive ultrasound. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed