Gastric Adenocarcinoma, Esophageal Adenocarcinoma, Metastasis, HER-2 Gene Amplification
Conditions
Brief summary
The initial intent of the study was to be a multi-center single-arm open-label Simon's two-stage Phase II clinical trial of first-line mFOLFOX6 + trastuzumab + avelumab in metastatic HER2-amplified gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas. Accrual will halt after completion of Stage I (enrollment of 18 patients). This decision is not due to safety issues. Subjects currently on treatment will continue until criteria as defined in the protocol is met.
Interventions
DRUGOxaliplatin
Oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2
DRUGLeucovorin
Leucovorin 400 mg/m2
DRUG5 fluorouracil
5 fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 bolus and 2400 mg/m2 continuous infusion
DRUGTrastuzumab
Trastuzumab 6 mg/kg loading dose C1D1 then 4 mg/kg Day 1
DRUGAvelumab
Avelumab 800 mg
Sponsors
EMD Serono
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Ashwin Somasundaram
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Written informed consent and HIPAA authorization for release of personal health information prior to registration. 2. Age ≥ 18 years at the time of consent. 3. ECOG Performance Status of 0 or 1. 4. Histologically confirmed esophageal, gastroesophageal junction, or gastric adenocarcinoma, with unresectable or metastatic disease documented on diagnostic imaging studies. 5. HER2 amplification confirmed by standard of care testing of tumor specimen (3+ by immunohistochemistry, or 2+ on IHC with ISH with HER2/CEP17 ratio ≥2). 6. Radiographically measurable disease according to RECIST 1.1 within 28 days prior to registration. 7. Adequate organ function as defined in the table below. All screening labs to be obtained within 28 days prior to registration. * Absolute Neutrophil Count ≥ 1.5 x 10\^9/L * Hemoglobin (Hgb) ≥ 9 g/dL (may have been transfused) * Platelets ≥ 100 x 10\^9/L OR ≥ 75 x 10\^9/L for patients who received Cycle 1 of mFOLFOX6 +/- trastuzumab prior to registration * Calculated creatinine clearance1 ≥ 30 mL/min OR creatinine ≤ 1.5 × upper limit of normal (ULN) * Bilirubin ≤ 1.5 × upper limit of normal (ULN) (Subjects with Gilbert's syndrome may be enrolled despite a total bilirubin level \>1.5 mg/dL, if their conjugated bilirubin is \< 1.5× ULN) * Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 2.5 × ULN OR ≤ 5x ULN in patients with known liver metastases * Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 × ULN OR ≤ 5x ULN in patients with known liver metastases 8. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50% or above the lower limit of the institutional normal range, whichever is lower. 9. Females of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test at screening. NOTE: Females are considered of child bearing potential unless they are surgically sterile (have undergone a hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, or bilateral oophorectomy) or they are naturally postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months. 10. Females of childbearing potential and males must be willing to abstain from heterosexual activity or to use 2 forms of effective methods of contraception from the time of informed consent until 210 days after treatment discontinuation. The two contraception methods can be comprised of two barrier methods, or a barrier method plus a hormonal method. 11. As determined by the enrolling physician or protocol designee, ability of the subject to understand and comply with study procedures for the entire length of the study.
Exclusion criteria
1. Previous systemic therapy for stage IV disease - EXCEPT that patient may have received one cycle of mFOLFOX6 +/- trastuzumab within the 4 weeks prior to registration. 2. Active infection requiring intravenous systemic therapy. 3. Pregnant or breastfeeding (NOTE: breast milk cannot be stored for future use while the mother is being treated on study). 4. Treatment with any investigational drug within 28 days prior to registration. 5. Prior immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (i.e. anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-L1, anti-PD-1), or HER2-directed therapy (including trastuzumab) 6. Evidence of interstitial lung disease or active, non-infectious pneumonitis 7. Untreated brain metastasis or brain metastasis treated within 4 weeks prior to enrollment. 8. Known additional malignancy that is active and/or progressive requiring treatment; exceptions include basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in situ cervical or bladder cancer, or other cancer for which the subject has been disease-free for at least five years. 9. Serious cardiovascular event within 6 months prior to study entry, including myocardial infarction, malignant hypertension, severe/unstable angina, symptomatic congestive heart failure (≥ New York Heart Association Classification Class II), cerebral vascular accident, transient ischemic attack, or serious cardiac arrhythmia requiring medication. 10. History of organ allograft or allogeneic stem cell transplantation 11. Active autoimmune disease requiring systemic treatment in the past 3 months (for example with disease modifying agents, corticosteroids, or immunosuppressive drugs). Exceptions Include: * Subjects with endocrine diseases stable on replacement therapy (e.g., thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, etc.) or hormone suppression. * Subjects that require intermittent use of bronchodilators, local steroid injections, or inhaled or topical steroids * Subjects with vitiligo, psoriasis, Sjogren's syndrome, or resolved childhood asthma/atopy 12. Current use of immunosuppressive medication, EXCEPT for the following: a. intranasal, inhaled, topical steroids, or local steroid injection (e.g., intra-articular injection); b. Systemic corticosteroids at physiologic doses ≤ 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent; c. Steroids as premedication for hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., CT scan premedication). 13. Known history of testing positive for HIV or known acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 14. Known history of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Subjects with laboratory evidence of cleared HBV and HCV infection will be permitted. 15. Vaccination within 4 weeks of the first dose of avelumab and while on trials is prohibited except for administration of inactivated vaccines. 16. Known prior severe hypersensitivity to investigational product or any component in its formulations, including known severe hypersensitivity reactions to monoclonal antibodies (NCI CTCAE v5 Grade ≥ 3). 17. Persisting toxicity related to prior therapy (NCI CTCAE v5 Grade \> 1); however, alopecia, sensory neuropathy Grade ≤ 2, or other Grade ≤ 2 not constituting a safety risk based on investigator's judgment are acceptable. 18. Other severe acute or chronic medical conditions including immune colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, immune pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis or psychiatric conditions including recent (within the past year) or active suicidal ideation or behavior; or laboratory abnormalities that may increase the risk associated with study participation or study treatment administration or may interfere with informed consent, the interpretation of study results and, in the judgment of the investigator, would make the patient inappropriate for entry into this study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Best Objective Response Rate (bORR) | 24 weeks | Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST): Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter(LD) of target lesions; Progressive Disease (PD): \>= 20% increase in tumor burden relative to nadir or the appearance of one or more new lesions; Stable Disease (SD): Neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, taking as reference the smallest sum LD since the treatment started. The bORR will be defined as the percentage of subjects whose best response by 24 weeks are either a CR or PR according to RECIST 1.1. For confirmed response, PR or CR need to be confirmed by repeat assessments that should be performed no less than 4 weeks. Otherwise, it will be considered as an unconfirmed response. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Progression Free Survival (PFS) | Time of treatment start until the criteria for disease progression or death, up to a maximum of 11 months. | Per RECIST 1.1: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter(LD) of target lesions; Progressive Disease (PD): \>= 20% increase in tumor burden relative to nadir or the appearance of one or more new lesions; Stable Disease (SD): Neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, taking as reference the smallest sum LD since the treatment started. Progression Free Survival (PFS) will be defined as the time from the start date of treatment to the date of documented progression as determined by RECIST 1.1 or death from any cause. |
| Progression Free Survival by iRECIST(iPFS) | Time of treatment start until the criteria for disease progression or death, up to a maximum of 11 months. | Immune-RECIST Criteria(iRECIST): Complete Response(iCR), Disappearance of all measurable and non-measurable lesions; Partial Response (iPR), \>=30% decrease in tumor burden relative to baseline; Unconfirmed Progressive Disease (iUPD), \>= 20% increase in the sum of the LD of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum LD recorded since the treatment started or the appearance of one or more new lesions; Confirmed Progressive Disease (iCPD), confirmation of iUPD (by further growth) at the next assessment; Stable Disease (iSD), neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, taking as reference the smallest sum LD since the treatment started. iPFS will be defined as the time from the start date of treatment to the date of documented progression as determined by iRECIST criteria or death from any cause. |
| Overall Survival (OS) | Time of treatment start until death or date of last contact, up to a maximum of 20 months | Overall Survival (OS) will be defined as the time from start of treatment to the date of death from any cause, or date of last contact (censored). |
| Disease Control Rate (DCR) | Up to a maximum of 11 months. | Disease Control Rate (DCR) will be defined as the total number of patients whose best responses are either a CR, PR, or SD divided by the number of response evaluable patients. Patients with best response of SD will need to maintain SD by 24 weeks to be considered to have received clinical benefit from the treatment regimen. |
| Number of Participants With Grade 3-4 Treatment Related Adverse Events | AE had been recorded from time of signed informed consent until 30 days after discontinuation of study drug(s) and/or until a new anti-cancer treatment starts, whichever occurs first, up to a maximum of 20 months. | The frequency and severity of all grade 3-4 treatment related adverse events are reported by CTCAE v5. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Induction and Maintenance Cycles 1-9; Induction; Cycle = 14 days
mFOLFOX6
* oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 IV Day 1 and
* leucovorin 400 mg/m2 IV Day 1 and
* 5 fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 IV bolus and 2400 mg/m2 IV over 46 hours Day 1 and
Trastuzumab 6 mg/kg IV loading dose C1D1 then Trastuzumab 4 mg/kg IV Day 1 and
Avelumab 800 mg IV Day 1
Cycles 10 and subsequent; Maintenance; Cycle = 14 days
Trastuzumab 4 mg/kg Day 1 and Avelumab 800 mg Day 1
Oxaliplatin: Oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2
Leucovorin: Leucovorin 400 mg/m2
5 fluorouracil: 5 fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 bolus and 2400 mg/m2 continuous infusion
Trastuzumab: Trastuzumab 6 mg/kg loading dose C1D1 then 4 mg/kg Day 1
Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg | 18 |
| Total | 18 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Induction and Maintenance |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 63 years |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 4 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 14 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants |
| HER2 IHC 2+ with ISH (in situ hybridization) + | 6 Participants |
| HER2 IHC 3 + | 12 Participants |
| Primary Tumor Site Esophagus | 4 Participants |
| Primary Tumor Site Gastroesophageal Junction | 8 Participants |
| Primary Tumor Site Not described or multiple | 2 Participants |
| Primary Tumor Site Stomach | 4 Participants |
| Programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1) CPS Score CPS = 0 | 4 Participants |
| Programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1) CPS Score CPS ≥ 10 | 4 Participants |
| Programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1) CPS Score CPS = 1 to <5 | 5 Participants |
| Programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1) CPS Score CPS = 5 to <10 | 4 Participants |
| Programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1) CPS Score Unknown | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 15 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 18 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 5 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 13 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 9 / 18 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 18 / 18 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 7 / 18 |
Outcome results
Primary
Best Objective Response Rate (bORR)
Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST): Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter(LD) of target lesions; Progressive Disease (PD): \>= 20% increase in tumor burden relative to nadir or the appearance of one or more new lesions; Stable Disease (SD): Neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, taking as reference the smallest sum LD since the treatment started. The bORR will be defined as the percentage of subjects whose best response by 24 weeks are either a CR or PR according to RECIST 1.1. For confirmed response, PR or CR need to be confirmed by repeat assessments that should be performed no less than 4 weeks. Otherwise, it will be considered as an unconfirmed response.
Time frame: 24 weeks
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Induction and Maintenance | Best Objective Response Rate (bORR) | Best response rate (confirmed or unconfirmed) | 61 Percentage of participants |
| Induction and Maintenance | Best Objective Response Rate (bORR) | Best confirmed response rate | 50 Percentage of participants |
Secondary
Disease Control Rate (DCR)
Disease Control Rate (DCR) will be defined as the total number of patients whose best responses are either a CR, PR, or SD divided by the number of response evaluable patients. Patients with best response of SD will need to maintain SD by 24 weeks to be considered to have received clinical benefit from the treatment regimen.
Time frame: Up to a maximum of 11 months.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Induction and Maintenance | Disease Control Rate (DCR) | 55.6 Percentage of participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants With Grade 3-4 Treatment Related Adverse Events
The frequency and severity of all grade 3-4 treatment related adverse events are reported by CTCAE v5.
Time frame: AE had been recorded from time of signed informed consent until 30 days after discontinuation of study drug(s) and/or until a new anti-cancer treatment starts, whichever occurs first, up to a maximum of 20 months.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Induction and Maintenance | Number of Participants With Grade 3-4 Treatment Related Adverse Events | Neutrophil count decreased | 6 Participants |
| Induction and Maintenance | Number of Participants With Grade 3-4 Treatment Related Adverse Events | Platelet count decreased | 2 Participants |
| Induction and Maintenance | Number of Participants With Grade 3-4 Treatment Related Adverse Events | Anemia | 2 Participants |
| Induction and Maintenance | Number of Participants With Grade 3-4 Treatment Related Adverse Events | White blood cell decreased | 1 Participants |
| Induction and Maintenance | Number of Participants With Grade 3-4 Treatment Related Adverse Events | Lymphocyte count decreased | 1 Participants |
| Induction and Maintenance | Number of Participants With Grade 3-4 Treatment Related Adverse Events | Hypokalemia | 2 Participants |
| Induction and Maintenance | Number of Participants With Grade 3-4 Treatment Related Adverse Events | Diarrhea | 2 Participants |
| Induction and Maintenance | Number of Participants With Grade 3-4 Treatment Related Adverse Events | Gastroesophageal reflux disease | 1 Participants |
| Induction and Maintenance | Number of Participants With Grade 3-4 Treatment Related Adverse Events | Lung infection | 1 Participants |
| Induction and Maintenance | Number of Participants With Grade 3-4 Treatment Related Adverse Events | Mucositis oral | 1 Participants |
Secondary
Overall Survival (OS)
Overall Survival (OS) will be defined as the time from start of treatment to the date of death from any cause, or date of last contact (censored).
Time frame: Time of treatment start until death or date of last contact, up to a maximum of 20 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Induction and Maintenance | Overall Survival (OS) | 13.1 months |
Secondary
Progression Free Survival by iRECIST(iPFS)
Immune-RECIST Criteria(iRECIST): Complete Response(iCR), Disappearance of all measurable and non-measurable lesions; Partial Response (iPR), \>=30% decrease in tumor burden relative to baseline; Unconfirmed Progressive Disease (iUPD), \>= 20% increase in the sum of the LD of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum LD recorded since the treatment started or the appearance of one or more new lesions; Confirmed Progressive Disease (iCPD), confirmation of iUPD (by further growth) at the next assessment; Stable Disease (iSD), neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, taking as reference the smallest sum LD since the treatment started. iPFS will be defined as the time from the start date of treatment to the date of documented progression as determined by iRECIST criteria or death from any cause.
Time frame: Time of treatment start until the criteria for disease progression or death, up to a maximum of 11 months.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Induction and Maintenance | Progression Free Survival by iRECIST(iPFS) | 8 months |
Secondary
Progression Free Survival (PFS)
Per RECIST 1.1: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter(LD) of target lesions; Progressive Disease (PD): \>= 20% increase in tumor burden relative to nadir or the appearance of one or more new lesions; Stable Disease (SD): Neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, taking as reference the smallest sum LD since the treatment started. Progression Free Survival (PFS) will be defined as the time from the start date of treatment to the date of documented progression as determined by RECIST 1.1 or death from any cause.
Time frame: Time of treatment start until the criteria for disease progression or death, up to a maximum of 11 months.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Induction and Maintenance | Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 8 months |