Thyroid Eye Disease
Conditions
Brief summary
The overall objective is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of teprotumumab in the treatment of thyroid eye disease (TED) in participants who participated in the lead-in study HZNP-TEP-301 (NCT03298867; OPTIC) and who were either proptosis non-responders at Week 24 of HZNP-TEP-301 or were proptosis responders at Week 24 but met the criteria for re-treatment due to relapse during the Follow-Up Period of HZNP-TEP-301.
Detailed description
This is a multi-center, open-label extension study of HZNP-TEP-301 (NCT03298867) examining the safety and efficacy of teprotumumab in the treatment of TED in adult participants. Participants who complete the 24-week double-masked Treatment Period in Study HZNP-TEP-301 and are proptosis non-responders or are proptosis responders at Week 24 but meet the criteria for re-treatment due to relapse during the Follow-Up Period of HZNP-TEP-301 will be eligible for enrollment. All participants who choose to participate will receive 8 infusions of teprotumumab (10 mg/kg for the first infusion followed by 20 mg/kg for the remaining 7 infusions) in an open-label fashion. The Baseline (Day 1) Visit of this extension study will occur within 14 days after the final visit of Study HZNP-TEP-301 (Week 24 for proptosis non-responders and up to Week 72 for participants who relapse). During the open-label Treatment Period, study drug infusions are scheduled for Day 1 (Baseline), and Weeks 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21, (with the final visit at Week 24). After completion of the Treatment Period, subjects who were proptosis non-responders in Study HZNP-TEP-301 will enter a 24-week Follow-Up Period during which study drug will not be administered and clinic visits are scheduled for 1, 3, and 6 months (Visits Month 7, 9, and 12) after the Week 24 visit. Subjects will be contacted 6 and 12 months later by phone or email to enquire if any treatment for TED had been received since the last study contact. Participants who relapse during the Follow-Up Period of HZNP-TEP-301 and choose to enter this extension study will not participate in the Follow-Up Period of this study but will be contacted by phone or email 6 and 12 months after the Week 24 visit. Study acquired from Horizon in 2024.
Interventions
BIOLOGICALTeprotumumab
Teprotumumab is a fully human anti-IGF-1R mAb. Teprotumumab will be provided in single-dose 20 mL glass vials as a freeze-dried powder. Each vial of teprotumumab must be reconstituted with 10 mL of water for injection. Reconstituted teprotumumab solution must be further diluted in 0.9% (w/v) sodium chloride (NaCl) solution prior to administration. Teprotumumab will be administered in 100 mL or 250 mL infusion bags (100 mL infusion bags for doses up to 1800 mg and 250 mL infusion bags for doses \> 1800 mg).
Sponsors
Amgen
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Written informed consent. * Completed the 24-week double-masked Treatment Period in Study HZNP-TEP-301 (NCT03298867). * Proptosis non-responder (\< 2 mm reduction in proptosis in the study eye) at Week 24 of Study HZNP-TEP-301 OR proptosis responder at Week 24 who relapses during the Follow-Up Period of Study HZNP-TEP-301. * Participant must be euthyroid with the baseline disease under control, or have mild hypo- or hyperthyroidism (defined as free thyroxine \[FT4\] and free triiodothyronine \[FT3\] levels \< 50% above or below the normal limits) at the most recent clinic visit. Every effort should be made to correct the mild hypo- or hyperthyroidism promptly and to maintain the euthyroid state for the full duration of the clinical trial. * Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) or serum creatinine \<1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN; according to age) at the most recent clinic visit. * Diabetic participants must have well-controlled disease (defined as hemoglobin A1C \[HbA1c\] \< 9.0% at most recent clinic visit). * Does not require immediate surgical ophthalmological intervention and is not planning corrective surgery/irradiation during the course of the study. * Women of childbearing potential must have a negative urine pregnancy test at Baseline/Day 1. Participants who are sexually active with a non-vasectomized male partner must agree to use 2 reliable forms of contraception during the trial and continue for 180 days after the last dose of study drug. One of the 2 forms of contraception is recommended to be hormonal, such as an oral contraceptive. Hormonal contraception must be in use for at least one full cycle prior to Baseline. Highly effective contraceptive methods (with a failure rate less than 1% per year), when used consistently and correctly, includes implants, injectables, combined oral contraceptives, some intrauterine devices (IUDs), sexual abstinence or vasectomised partner. * Male participants must be surgically sterile or, if sexually active with a female partner of childbearing potential, must agree to use a barrier contraceptive method from Baseline through 180 days after the last dose of study drug. * Participant is willing and able to comply with the prescribed treatment protocol and evaluations for the duration of the study. * Has not received any treatment for TED since Week 24 of the of the HZNP-TEP-301 study.
Exclusion criteria
* Participants will be ineligible if, in the opinion of the Investigator, they are unlikely to comply with the study protocol or have a concomitant disease or condition that could interfere with the conduct of the study or potentially put the participant at unacceptable risk. * The
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With a ≥ 2 mm Reduction From Baseline in the Study Eye Without Deterioration of Proptosis in the Fellow Eye at Week 24 | Baseline, Week 24 | Proptosis responders were defined as participants with a ≥ 2 mm reduction from study baseline in proptosis in the study eye, without deterioration (≥ 2 mm increase) of proptosis in the fellow eye at Week 24. Participants missing Week 24 values were considered non-responders, aside from those with missing data related to the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With a European Group on Graves' Ophthalmopathy (EUGOGO) Amended Clinical Activity Score (CAS) Total Score of 0 or 1 in the Study Eye at Week 24 | Week 24 | CAS responders were defined as participants with a reduction to a CAS of 0 or 1 (no or minimal inflammatory symptoms) as a categorical response variable at Week 24. The 7-item CAS assigns 1 point for each of the following items present in the study eye: spontaneous orbital pain; gaze evoked orbital pain; eyelid swelling that is considered to be due to active (inflammatory phase) thyroid eye disease/Graves' ophthalmopathy (TED/GO); eyelid erythema; conjunctival redness that is considered to be due to active (inflammatory phase) TED/GO (ignore equivocal redness); chemosis; inflammation of caruncle or plica. The sum of these points is the total score (0 to 7), with higher scores indicating worse symptoms. |
| Change in Proptosis From Baseline to Week 24 | Study Baseline, Week 24 | Mean change from study baseline to Week 24 in proptosis measurement (mm) in the study eye at Week 24. |
| Percentage of Participants Who Were Diplopia Responders at Week 24 | Week 24 | Diplopia responders were defined as participants with 1 grade or greater reduction in diplopia score in the study eye without worsening by at least 1 grade in the fellow eye at Week 24. The subjective diplopia score (0=no diplopia; 1=intermittent, i.e. diplopia in primary position of gaze, when tired or when first awakening; 2=inconstant, i.e. diplopia at extremes of gaze; 3=constant, i.e. continuous diplopia in primary or reading position) was recorded for each eye. A participant was considered to have diplopia if a score \> 0 is observed in the study eye at study baseline. |
| Mean Change From Baseline to Week 24 in the Graves' Ophthalmopathy Quality of Life (GO-QoL) Questionnaire Overall Score | Study Baseline, Week 24 | The GO-QoL is a 16-item self-administered questionnaire divided into 2 subsets and used to assess the perceived effects of TED by the participants on (i) their daily physical activity as it relates to visual function, and (ii) psychosocial functioning. The sum of the scores from each set of 8 questions was calculated and transformed to a scale from 0 (worst) to 100 (best) - one for visual function (VF), one for appearance (A) and one for the overall combined (VF + A) score. Scores were transformed as follows: Transformed score = \[(sum of each score - number of completed items) / (2 \* number of completed items)\] \* 100. The overall combined (VF + A) score is also 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating a better outcome. |
Countries
Germany, Italy, United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Participants were eligible for enrollment in this study (OPTIC-X) if they completed the 24-week double-masked Treatment Period in Study HZNP-TEP-301 (NCT03298867; OPTIC) and were proptosis non-responders or were proptosis responders at Week 24 but met the criteria for re-treatment due to relapse during the Follow-Up Period of HZNP-TEP-301.
Pre-assignment details
The Baseline (Day 1) Visit of this extension study occurred within 14 days after the final visit of Study HZNP-TEP-301, which was Week 24 for proptosis non-responders and up to Week 72 for participants who relapsed. The study treatment previously administered in HZNP-TEP-301 (teprotumumab or placebo) remained masked throughout this extension study.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Teprotumumab (OPTIC Placebo) Participants who received placebo in OPTIC received 8 infusions of teprotumumab every 3 weeks (q3W) for a total of 21 weeks: teprotumumab 10 mg/kg administered on Day 1 and teprotumumab 20 mg/kg administered q3W for the remaining 7 infusions. | 37 |
| Teprotumumab (OPTIC Teprotumumab) Participants who received teprotumumab in OPTIC received 8 infusions of teprotumumab every 3 weeks (q3W) for a total of 21 weeks: teprotumumab 10 mg/kg administered on Day 1 and teprotumumab 20 mg/kg administered q3W for the remaining 7 infusions. | 14 |
| Total | 51 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Adverse Event | 1 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Lack of Efficacy | 0 | 1 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Teprotumumab (OPTIC Placebo) | Teprotumumab (OPTIC Teprotumumab) | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 48.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.49 | 56.1 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.52 | 50.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.32 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 36 Participants | 14 Participants | 50 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Black or African American | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Other, Not Specified | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized White | 33 Participants | 11 Participants | 44 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 27 Participants | 11 Participants | 38 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 10 Participants | 3 Participants | 13 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk | EG003 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 37 | 0 / 14 | 0 / 36 | 0 / 4 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 32 / 37 | 11 / 14 | 16 / 36 | 2 / 4 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 37 | 1 / 14 | 0 / 36 | 0 / 4 |
Outcome results
Primary
Percentage of Participants With a ≥ 2 mm Reduction From Baseline in the Study Eye Without Deterioration of Proptosis in the Fellow Eye at Week 24
Proptosis responders were defined as participants with a ≥ 2 mm reduction from study baseline in proptosis in the study eye, without deterioration (≥ 2 mm increase) of proptosis in the fellow eye at Week 24. Participants missing Week 24 values were considered non-responders, aside from those with missing data related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Time frame: Baseline, Week 24
Population: Intent-to-Treat Population: all participants enrolled in the study. Participants missing Week 24 values were considered non-responders, aside from those with missing data related to the COVID-19 pandemic. One participant in the Teprotumumab (OPTIC Teprotumumab) arm was excluded from all Week 24 summaries due to COVID-19 (visit delayed).
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Teprotumumab (OPTIC Placebo) | Percentage of Participants With a ≥ 2 mm Reduction From Baseline in the Study Eye Without Deterioration of Proptosis in the Fellow Eye at Week 24 | 89.2 percentage of participants |
| Teprotumumab (OPTIC Teprotumumab) | Percentage of Participants With a ≥ 2 mm Reduction From Baseline in the Study Eye Without Deterioration of Proptosis in the Fellow Eye at Week 24 | 53.8 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Change in Proptosis From Baseline to Week 24
Mean change from study baseline to Week 24 in proptosis measurement (mm) in the study eye at Week 24.
Time frame: Study Baseline, Week 24
Population: Intent-to-Treat Population: all participants enrolled in the study. Participants with both baseline and Week 24 measurements. One participant in the Teprotumumab (OPTIC Teprotumumab) arm was excluded from all Week 24 summaries due to COVID-19 (visit delayed).
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Teprotumumab (OPTIC Placebo) | Change in Proptosis From Baseline to Week 24 | -3.47 mm | Standard Deviation 1.732 |
| Teprotumumab (OPTIC Teprotumumab) | Change in Proptosis From Baseline to Week 24 | -1.77 mm | Standard Deviation 1.126 |
Secondary
Mean Change From Baseline to Week 24 in the Graves' Ophthalmopathy Quality of Life (GO-QoL) Questionnaire Overall Score
The GO-QoL is a 16-item self-administered questionnaire divided into 2 subsets and used to assess the perceived effects of TED by the participants on (i) their daily physical activity as it relates to visual function, and (ii) psychosocial functioning. The sum of the scores from each set of 8 questions was calculated and transformed to a scale from 0 (worst) to 100 (best) - one for visual function (VF), one for appearance (A) and one for the overall combined (VF + A) score. Scores were transformed as follows: Transformed score = \[(sum of each score - number of completed items) / (2 \* number of completed items)\] \* 100. The overall combined (VF + A) score is also 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating a better outcome.
Time frame: Study Baseline, Week 24
Population: Intent-to-Treat Population: all participants enrolled in the study. Participants with both baseline and Week 24 measurements. One participant in the Teprotumumab (OPTIC Teprotumumab) arm was excluded from all Week 24 summaries due to COVID-19 (visit delayed).
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Teprotumumab (OPTIC Placebo) | Mean Change From Baseline to Week 24 in the Graves' Ophthalmopathy Quality of Life (GO-QoL) Questionnaire Overall Score | 13.39 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 17.89 |
| Teprotumumab (OPTIC Teprotumumab) | Mean Change From Baseline to Week 24 in the Graves' Ophthalmopathy Quality of Life (GO-QoL) Questionnaire Overall Score | 14.73 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 11.777 |
Secondary
Percentage of Participants Who Were Diplopia Responders at Week 24
Diplopia responders were defined as participants with 1 grade or greater reduction in diplopia score in the study eye without worsening by at least 1 grade in the fellow eye at Week 24. The subjective diplopia score (0=no diplopia; 1=intermittent, i.e. diplopia in primary position of gaze, when tired or when first awakening; 2=inconstant, i.e. diplopia at extremes of gaze; 3=constant, i.e. continuous diplopia in primary or reading position) was recorded for each eye. A participant was considered to have diplopia if a score \> 0 is observed in the study eye at study baseline.
Time frame: Week 24
Population: Intent-to-Treat Population: all participants enrolled in the study. Participants with diplopia at Study Baseline. Per the statistical analysis plan, participants missing Week 24 values were considered non-responders, aside from those with missing data related to the COVID-19 pandemic. One participant in the Teprotumumab (OPTIC Teprotumumab) arm was excluded from all Week 24 summaries due to COVID-19 (visit delayed).
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Teprotumumab (OPTIC Placebo) | Percentage of Participants Who Were Diplopia Responders at Week 24 | 60.9 percentage of participants |
| Teprotumumab (OPTIC Teprotumumab) | Percentage of Participants Who Were Diplopia Responders at Week 24 | 75.0 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Percentage of Participants With a European Group on Graves' Ophthalmopathy (EUGOGO) Amended Clinical Activity Score (CAS) Total Score of 0 or 1 in the Study Eye at Week 24
CAS responders were defined as participants with a reduction to a CAS of 0 or 1 (no or minimal inflammatory symptoms) as a categorical response variable at Week 24. The 7-item CAS assigns 1 point for each of the following items present in the study eye: spontaneous orbital pain; gaze evoked orbital pain; eyelid swelling that is considered to be due to active (inflammatory phase) thyroid eye disease/Graves' ophthalmopathy (TED/GO); eyelid erythema; conjunctival redness that is considered to be due to active (inflammatory phase) TED/GO (ignore equivocal redness); chemosis; inflammation of caruncle or plica. The sum of these points is the total score (0 to 7), with higher scores indicating worse symptoms.
Time frame: Week 24
Population: Intent-to-Treat Population: all participants enrolled in the study. Participants with CAS \> 1 at Study Baseline. Per the statistical analysis plan, participants missing Week 24 values were considered non-responders, aside from those with missing data related to the COVID-19 pandemic. One participant in the Teprotumumab (OPTIC Teprotumumab) arm was excluded from all Week 24 summaries due to COVID-19 (visit delayed).
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Teprotumumab (OPTIC Placebo) | Percentage of Participants With a European Group on Graves' Ophthalmopathy (EUGOGO) Amended Clinical Activity Score (CAS) Total Score of 0 or 1 in the Study Eye at Week 24 | 65.6 percentage of participants |
| Teprotumumab (OPTIC Teprotumumab) | Percentage of Participants With a European Group on Graves' Ophthalmopathy (EUGOGO) Amended Clinical Activity Score (CAS) Total Score of 0 or 1 in the Study Eye at Week 24 | 36.4 percentage of participants |