Hyponatremia Symptomatic
Conditions
Keywords
Hyponatremia, Hypertonic saline, Treatment, Osmotic demyelination syndrome
Brief summary
This study will investigate efficacy and safety of rapid intermittent correction compared with slow continuous correction with hypertonic saline in patient with moderately severe or severe symptomatic severe hyponatremia
Detailed description
Moderate to severe symptomatic hyponatremia requires prompt treatment with hypertonic saline. The extent and rate of increase in serum sodium (sNa) levels during treatment are critical. Several methods for continuous infusion of hypertonic saline were used to guide rate of fluid administered to achieve the required serum sodium target. As based on static model, they had a bias to over-correction of hyponatremia. Alternative approach to treatment with hypertonic fluid is to use small, fixed boluses to achieve controlled increments in sNa. However, there was no high quality evidence on whether hypertonic saline are best given in continuous infusion (preferred by most) or bolus injection. The aim of present study, a multi-center (Seoul National University Bundang Hospital \[2016.8\ \], Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center \[2016. 9\ \], Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital \[2017.7\ \]), randomized, open labelled, controlled clinical trial, is to investigate efficacy and safety of rapid intermittent correction compared with slow continuous correction with hypertonic saline in patient with moderately severe or severe symptomatic severe hyponatremia. A total 178 patients, who suffer from symptomatic severe hyponatremia, will be enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either intermittent bolus infusion or slow continuous infusion by 3% hypertonic saline. Subjects will take different rate of 3% hypertonic saline for 24-48 hours stratified by severity of clinical symptoms. Serum sodium will be measured at every six hours during two days.
Interventions
The same as above
Sponsors
National Research Foundation of Korea
Seoul National University Hospital
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* In emergency setting (2016.6-) and/or inpatients at ward (2018.9-) * Glucose corrected serum sodium ≤125 mmol/L * Patients with moderately severe or severe symptom * Moderately severe :Nausea without vomiting Drowsy, Headache General weakness, myalgia * Severe :Vomiting, Stupor, Seizures, Coma (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤8) * written consent
Exclusion criteria
* Pseudohyponatremia: serum osmolality \> 275 mOsm/kg \- If the serum osmolality is \> 275 mOsm/kg but the BUN is ≥ 30 mg/dL, the patients can be registered if calculated serum osmolality (2 x plasma \[Na\] + \[Glucose\]/18) is \<275 mOsm/kg * Primary polydipsia: urine osmolality ≤ 100 mOsm/kg * Glucose corrected serum sodium \>125 mmol/L * Arterial hypotension (SBP \<90mmHg and MAP \<70mmHg) * Anuria or urinary outlet obstruction * Liver disease * transaminase levels \>3 times the upper limit normal * Known LC with ascites or diuretics use or PSE Hx or Varix Hx * Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1C \> 9%) * Women who are pregnant or breast feeding * History of cardiac surgery excluding PCA, acute myocardial infarction, sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, acute coronary syndrome, cebrovascular trauma, and increased intracranial pressure within the 3 months prior to randomization
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Incidence of overcorrection rate at any given period | up to 48 hours | Increase in sNa by \>12 mmol/L within 24 hours or Increase in sNa by \>18 mmol/L within 48 hours All subjects receive hypertonic saline by intermittent bolus or slow continuous infusion for 48 hours, serum Na will be measured. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Time from treatment initiation to an increase of serum Na ≥ 5 mmol/L | up to 48 hours | — |
| Incidence of target correction rate | up to 48 hours | Target correction rate is defined by achieved serum Na \<10 mmol/L within 24 hours, achieved serum Na \<18 mmol/L within 48 hours |
| Time to serum Na >130 mmol/L | up to 48 hours | Time from treatment initiation to achieved serum Na\> 130mmol/L |
| Length of hospital stay | up to 8 weeks | — |
| Rapid improvement of symptoms | up to 24 hours | Change of symptoms from baseline to 24 hours after hypertonic fluid treatment |
| Incidence of osmotic demyelinating syndrome confirmed by ICD -10 code or MRI | up to 48 hours | — |
| Incidence of relowering treatment | up to 48 hours | Relowering treatment is performed as below if achieved serum Na is \<10 mmol/L within 24 hours, achieved serum Na is \<18 mmol/L within 48 hours. 1. discontinuing ongoing active treatment 2. start infusion of 10ml/kg of 5% dextrose over 1hr ± desmopressin 2mcg IV |
| Change of Glasgow coma scale (GCS) ≤8 | up to 48 hours | Change in GCS of hyponatremia symptoms at pretreatment, 24 hours, and 48 hours after treatment |
| Incidence of additional treatment | up to 48 hours | Additional treatment is performed if symptom is not relieved or undercorrection develops (achieved Na \< 5mmol/L with 24 hours or achieved Na \<12mmol/L within 48 hours) |
Countries
South Korea
Outcome results
None listed