Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma
Conditions
Keywords
Lymphoproliferative Disorders, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, T-cell Lymphoma
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to see if pralatrexate extends response and survival following CHOP-based chemotherapy (CHOP: cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) and if pralatrexate improves response in patients with partial response following CHOP-based chemotherapy. Patients will either receive pralatrexate or be under observation. All patients will receive vitamins B12 and folic acid and attend regular clinic visits to evaluate their disease and health.
Detailed description
This was an international, multi-center, randomized, Phase 3, open-label study of sequential pralatrexate versus observation in patients with previously undiagnosed PTCL who have achieved an objective response following initial treatment with CHOP-based chemotherapy. Upon documentation of completion of an objective response following at least 6 cycles of a designated CHOP-based chemotherapy confirmation of histopathology by independent review, and confirmation that all eligibility criteria were met, patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to either pralatrexate or observation, according to a permuted block design with stratification factor of Tumor Response per Investigator at completion of CHOP-based therapy (Complete Response \[CR\] vs Partial Response \[PR\]). All patients who receive at least 1 dose of pralatrexate were followed for safety through 35 (± 5) days after their last dose of pralatrexate or until all treatment-related AEs have resolved or returned to baseline/Grade 1, whichever is longer, or until it was determined that the outcome does not change with further follow-up.
Interventions
Intravenous (IV) push administration over 30 seconds to 5 minutes via a patent IV line containing normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride). Initial dose: 30 mg/m2 Administered weekly for 3 weeks of a 4-week cycle until criteria for discontinuation per the protocol are met.
Sponsors
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patient has one of the following peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) subtypes confirmed by an independent central pathology reviewer, using the Revised European American Lymphoma World Health Organization disease classification: * T/natural killer (NK)-cell leukemia/lymphoma * Adult T-cell lymphoma (TCL)/leukemia (human T-cell leukemia virus 1+) * Angioimmunoblastic TCL * Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), primary systemic type, excluding anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive (ALK+) with International Prognostic Index (IPI) score less than 2 at initial diagnosis and complete response (CR) after CHOP-based therapy * PTCL-unspecified * Enteropathy-type intestinal lymphoma * Hepatosplenic TCL * Subcutaneous panniculitis TCL * Transformed mycosis fungoides (tMF) * Extranodal T/NK-cell lymphoma nasal or nasal type * Primary cutaneous gamma-delta TCL * Primary cutaneous CD8+ aggressive epidermic cytotoxic TCL * Documented completion of at least 6 cycles of CHOP-based therapy: * CHOP 21 * CHOP 14 * CHOP + etoposide * Other CHOP variants: substitution allowed for 1 component with a drug of the same mechanism of action. Additional components, except alemtuzumab, are allowed. Rituximab may be added if not given within 3 cycles of randomization. * Patient has achieved CR or partial response (PR) per per investigator's assessment following completion of CHOP-based therapy and has had radiological assessment within 21 days prior to randomization. * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status less than or equal to 2. * Adequate blood, liver, and kidney function as defined by laboratory tests. * Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 14 days prior to randomization and agree to practice a medically acceptable contraceptive regimen from study treatment initiation until at least 30 days after the last administration of pralatrexate. * Men who are sexually active, including those with a pregnant partner, must agree to practice a medically acceptable barrier method contraceptive regimen (eg, condoms) while receiving pralatrexate and for 90 days after the last administration of pralatrexate. * Has given written informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
* Patient has: * Precursor T/NK neoplasms * ALCL (ALK+) with IPI score less than 2 at initial diagnosis and CR after CHOP-based therapy * T cell prolymphocytic leukemia * T cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia * Mycosis fungoides, except tMF * Sézary syndrome * Primary cutaneous CD30+ disorders: ALCL and lymphomatoid papulosis * If there is a history of prior malignancies other than those below, must be disease free for at least 5 years. Patients with malignancies listed below less than 5 years before study entry may be enrolled if they have received treatment resulting in complete resolution of the cancer and have no clinical, radiologic, or laboratory evidence of active/recurrent disease. * non-melanoma skin cancer * carcinoma in situ of the cervix * localized prostate cancer * localized thyroid cancer * Receipt of prior chemotherapy (CT) or radiation therapy (RT) for PTCL, other than a single allowed CHOP regimen, except: * Patients with nasal NK lymphoma who received local RT less than 4 weeks prior to randomization. * Patients with tMF who received 1 systemic single-agent CT (except methotrexate) prior to transformation. * Prior exposure to pralatrexate. * Receipt of systemic corticosteroids within 3 weeks of study treatment, unless patient has been taking a continuous dose of 10 mg/day or less of oral prednisone or equivalent for at least 4 weeks or as part of a CHOP prednisone taper. * Planned use of any treatment for PTCL during the course of the study. * Patient has: * Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive diagnosis with a CD4 count of less than 100 mm3 or detectable viral load within past 3 months and receiving anti-retroviral therapy. * Hepatitis B (HBV)-positive serology and is receiving interferon therapy or has liver function test results outside the parameters of study inclusion criteria. Other antiviral therapies are permitted if at a stable dose for at least 4 weeks. * Hepatitis C (HCV) virus with detectable viral load or immunological evidence of chronic active disease or receiving/requiring antiviral therapy. * Symptomatic central nervous system metastases or lesions requiring treatment. * Uncontrolled hypertension or congestive heart failure Class III/IV per the New York Heart Association's Heart Failure Guidelines * Active uncontrolled infection, underlying medical condition including unstable cardiac disease, or other serious illness impairing the ability of the patient to receive protocol treatment. * Major surgery within 2 weeks prior to study entry, except for line placement or biopsy procedure.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Progression-Free Survival (PFS) | From randomization to the date of progression of disease or death due to any cause (up to 76 months) | PFS was defined as the time in days from randomization to the date of objective documentation of progressive disease (PD) or death, regardless of cause (date of PD or death - date of randomization + 1). PFS was to be assessed according to the International Workshop Criteria (IWC) without including positron emission tomography (PET). PD was defined as any new lesion or increase by greater than or equal to (\>=) 50 percent (%) of previously involved sites from nadir. Participants who were alive without a disease response assessment of PD was to be censored at their last disease assessment date or the date of randomization, whichever was later. Date of progression was not to be imputed for participants with missing tumor assessments before an assessment of PD. Participants who withdraw from treatment prior to PD were to be followed for disease status whenever possible. Participants who have no response assessments after baseline were to be censored at randomization. |
| Overall Survival (OS) | From randomization until death (up to 76 months) | Overall survival was defined as the time in days from randomization to the date of death, regardless of cause (date of death - date of randomization + 1). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Objective Response Rate | Up to 2 years | Objective response rate was defined as percentage of participants with an objective response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR), relative to disease status at the time of study entry. The percentage was to be calculated by dividing number of participants within each category of response by the number of participants with measurable disease at baseline. Objective response was assessed according to the IWC without including PET. CR was defined as complete disappearance all detectable clinical evidence of disease and disease-related symptoms if present before therapy. PR was defined as regression of measurable disease and no new sites. |
| Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | From first dose of study drug to 35 (±5) days after last dose of study drug for the Pralatrexate Arm, and until 35 (± 5) days after the study treatment discontinuation for the Observation Arm (Up to 2 years) | An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a participant who received study treatment without regard to possibility of causal relationship. An SAE was an AE resulting in any of following outcomes or deemed significant for any other reason: death, initial or prolonged inpatient hospitalization, life-threatening experience (immediate risk of dying), persistent or significant disability or incapacity, congenital anomaly. AE included both serious and non- SAEs. An AE of Hematology and Chemistry was collected and graded as per National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) Version 4.03, where Grade 3 refers to severe or medically significant but not immediately life threatening and Grade 4 refers to life-threatening consequences. |
Countries
Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Ireland, Israel, Italy, New Zealand, Poland, Puerto Rico, Spain, United Kingdom, United States
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
A total of 21 participants with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) were randomized in 2:1 ratio to Pralatrexate arm or Observation arm.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Pralatrexate Arm Participants randomized to Pralatrexate Arm received pralatrexate as an intravenous (IV) push administered over a minimum of 30 seconds up to a maximum of 5 minutes via a patent free-flowing IV line containing normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride \[NaCl\]) weekly for 3 weeks of a 4-week cycle. Initial dose of pralatrexate was 30 milligram per meter square (mg/m\^2), could be reduced to 20 mg/m\^2 with potential further reductions to 15 and 10 mg/m\^2 based on toxicity, along with vitamin B12, 1 milligram (mg) intramuscular (IM), every 8-10 weeks and folic acid 1-1.25 mg by mouth (po) once a day (qd) until a criterion for study treatment discontinuation was met or up to a maximum of 2 years. | 14 |
| Observation Arm Participants randomized to Observation Arm received vitamin B12, 1 mg, IM every 8-10 weeks and folic acid 1-1.25 mg by mouth qd remained under observation, by attending clinic visits every 4 weeks, and being contacted by a healthcare professional during week 2 of every 4-week period until a criterion for study treatment discontinuation was met. | 7 |
| Total | 21 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Adverse Event | 4 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Disease Progression | 3 | 2 |
| Overall Study | Investigator Decision | 1 | 2 |
| Overall Study | More Than 28 Days Between Doses of Drug | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Other | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Patient Decision | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Sponsor Decision | 3 | 3 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Pralatrexate Arm | Observation Arm | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 72.0 years | 61.0 years | 68.0 years |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Arabic | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Black | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Missing | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized White | 10 Participants | 5 Participants | 15 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 8 Participants | 0 Participants | 8 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 6 Participants | 7 Participants | 13 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 3 / 14 | 1 / 7 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 14 / 14 | 6 / 7 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 4 / 14 | 0 / 7 |
Outcome results
Primary
Overall Survival (OS)
Overall survival was defined as the time in days from randomization to the date of death, regardless of cause (date of death - date of randomization + 1).
Time frame: From randomization until death (up to 76 months)
Population: ITT population included all randomized participants classified according to the treatment arms into which they were randomized, regardless of the actual study treatment received (or not received).
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Pralatrexate Arm | Overall Survival (OS) | NA months |
| Observation Arm | Overall Survival (OS) | NA months |
Primary
Progression-Free Survival (PFS)
PFS was defined as the time in days from randomization to the date of objective documentation of progressive disease (PD) or death, regardless of cause (date of PD or death - date of randomization + 1). PFS was to be assessed according to the International Workshop Criteria (IWC) without including positron emission tomography (PET). PD was defined as any new lesion or increase by greater than or equal to (\>=) 50 percent (%) of previously involved sites from nadir. Participants who were alive without a disease response assessment of PD was to be censored at their last disease assessment date or the date of randomization, whichever was later. Date of progression was not to be imputed for participants with missing tumor assessments before an assessment of PD. Participants who withdraw from treatment prior to PD were to be followed for disease status whenever possible. Participants who have no response assessments after baseline were to be censored at randomization.
Time frame: From randomization to the date of progression of disease or death due to any cause (up to 76 months)
Population: Data for this outcome measure was not collected and analyzed due to the early termination of the study.
Secondary
Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities
An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a participant who received study treatment without regard to possibility of causal relationship. An SAE was an AE resulting in any of following outcomes or deemed significant for any other reason: death, initial or prolonged inpatient hospitalization, life-threatening experience (immediate risk of dying), persistent or significant disability or incapacity, congenital anomaly. AE included both serious and non- SAEs. An AE of Hematology and Chemistry was collected and graded as per National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) Version 4.03, where Grade 3 refers to severe or medically significant but not immediately life threatening and Grade 4 refers to life-threatening consequences.
Time frame: From first dose of study drug to 35 (±5) days after last dose of study drug for the Pralatrexate Arm, and until 35 (± 5) days after the study treatment discontinuation for the Observation Arm (Up to 2 years)
Population: Safety population included all randomized participants classified according to the actual study treatment received, regardless of random assignment.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pralatrexate Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Participants with Treatment Emergent AEs Resulting in Deaths | 1 Participants |
| Pralatrexate Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Participants with Any SAEs Leading to Drug Discontinuation | 2 Participants |
| Pralatrexate Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Participants with Any Grade 3 - 4 AEs | 8 Participants |
| Pralatrexate Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Hematology:Higher Than Grade 3/4 Lab Abnormalities | 3 Participants |
| Pralatrexate Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Participants with Treatment Emergent SAEs | 4 Participants |
| Pralatrexate Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Chemistry:Higher Than Grade 3/4 Lab Abnormalities | 1 Participants |
| Pralatrexate Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Participants with Any Treatment Emergent AEs | 14 Participants |
| Observation Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Chemistry:Higher Than Grade 3/4 Lab Abnormalities | 0 Participants |
| Observation Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Participants with Any Treatment Emergent AEs | 6 Participants |
| Observation Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Participants with Any Grade 3 - 4 AEs | 2 Participants |
| Observation Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Participants with Treatment Emergent AEs Resulting in Deaths | 0 Participants |
| Observation Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Participants with Treatment Emergent SAEs | 0 Participants |
| Observation Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Participants with Any SAEs Leading to Drug Discontinuation | 0 Participants |
| Observation Arm | Number of Participants With Worst Grade Adverse Events (AEs), Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and SAEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Treatment, and Worst Grade Laboratory Abnormalities | Hematology:Higher Than Grade 3/4 Lab Abnormalities | 1 Participants |
Secondary
Objective Response Rate
Objective response rate was defined as percentage of participants with an objective response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR), relative to disease status at the time of study entry. The percentage was to be calculated by dividing number of participants within each category of response by the number of participants with measurable disease at baseline. Objective response was assessed according to the IWC without including PET. CR was defined as complete disappearance all detectable clinical evidence of disease and disease-related symptoms if present before therapy. PR was defined as regression of measurable disease and no new sites.
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Population: Data for this outcome measure was not collected and analyzed due to early termination of the study.