Thai T2DM patients aged 30-60 years. Blenderized diet, Postprandial metabolic responses
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Thai patients with T2DM who had been diagnosed for less than or equal to 12 years 2. Fasting plasma glucose less than or equal to 180 mg/dL 3. Had BMI of 18.5-34.9 kg/m2 4. Had stable oral hypoglycemic agents (excluding alpha-glucosidase inhibitors) for at least 3 months 5. Not being pregnant or lactating women
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Use glucose-lowering injection (insulin, GLP-1 analog) 2. Diagnosed with chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease, or thyroid disease 3. Has undergone gastrointestinal surgery 4. Taking medications that affect glucose metabolism (e.g., steroids, antipsychotics, immunosuppressants, protease inhibitors, contraceptive drugs, or glucose-lowering medications) 5. Taking medications that affect nutrient digestion and absorption (e.g., pancreatic enzymes, laxatives, or anticonvulsants) 6. Taking dietary or herbal supplements (e.g., whey protein, dietary fiber, chromium, bitter melon, East Indian screw tree, and Siamese cassia) within the past 1 month 7. Regular drinking alcoholic beverages 8. Known allergies to ingredients in the developed formulas (e.g., soy protein, milk protein, pea protein, Wolffia globosa, chicken, black sesame seeds, jasmine rice, perilla oil, rice bran oil, egg, pumpkin) 9. Currently participating in a weight loss program (e.g., calorie restriction, time-restricted feeding)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for blood glucose 0-240 minutes Enzymatic method,Incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for serum insulin 0-240 minutes electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA),Incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for plasma GLP-1 0-240 minutes enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| N/A N/A N/A | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University