Primary Focus: Stigma related to infectious disease outbreaks (specifically mpox and general health-related stigma) Secondary/Related Conditions: Mpox (monkeypox) - in Thai MSM communities COVID-19 and stigma - among Myanmar migrants Barriers to healthcare access during infectious disease outbreaks stigma measurement, cross-cultural adaptation, psychometric validation, infectious disease, men who have sex with men, Myanmar migrants, Thailand, RAPID scales
Conditions
Interventions
This group comprises adult men (18+ years) who self-identify as men who have sex with men, residing in Bangkok and surrounding metropolitan areas. Participants will be recruited through community-base
Health Services Research,Health Services Research
Thai Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) - Mpox-Related Stigma,Myanmar Migrants - Health-Related Stigma
Sponsors
Faculty of Communication Arts, Chulalongkorn University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: General (All Participants): 1. Age 18 years or older 2. Able to provide informed consent 3. Resides in study area (Bangkok or Central Thailand for Thai participants, specific regions for Myanmar migrants) 4. Fluent in Thai or Burmese depending on population group 5. Aware of or familiar with the relevant health condition (mpox for Thai MSM, general infectious diseases for Myanmar migrants) Additional Criteria for Thai MSM Community (Mpox-related stigma): 6. Self-identifies as a man who has sex with men 7. Lives in Bangkok or surrounding areas 8. Aware of mpox outbreak Additional Criteria for Myanmar Migrants (Health-related stigma): Myanmar national residing in Thailand Has accessed or attempted to access healthcare in Thailand OR has awareness of health-related discrimination experiences For Cognitive Interview Phase (Phase 1 only): Meets general inclusion criteria above Willing to participate in 45 to 60 minute interview Sample includes recovered individuals, close contacts, healthcare workers, outbreak response staff, or general community members
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: EXCLUSION CRITERIA 1. Age less than 18 years 2. Unable to provide informed consent due to cognitive impairment, severe mental health crisis, or language barriers 3. Currently experiencing acute illness requiring immediate medical attention 4. Unable to complete survey or interview due to time constraints 5. Incomplete survey responses with more than 20 percent missing data (excluded from analysis only) 6. Failed attention checks in online surveys during Phase 2 (excluded from analysis only) 7. Duplicate responses from same participant completing survey multiple times (excluded from analysis only) 8. Significant concerns about safety or immigration status that would make participation distressing for Myanmar migrants (researcher discretion with appropriate referral)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Psychometric validity of culturally adapted RAPID Stigma Scales Month 12 (completion of Phase 2 validation study with 400 participants) Content Validity Index and Construct Validity | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Cross-Cultural Equivalence and Linguistic Validation Month 12 (completion of both Phase 1 adaptation and Phase 2 validation) ISPOR-guided translation, multi-group CFA measurement invariance testing, comparable psychometric properties across Thai/Burmese versions | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Public ContactPhyu Hnin Hlaing
Chulalongkorn University
Outcome results
None listed