Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) with 18-35 years old intellectual disabilities, nine-square exercise, functional ability, cognitive impairment
Conditions
Interventions
They are received nine-square exercise training using the illuminated nine-square pad (INSP) for 60 minutes per day, 2 days per week, over a period of 4 weeks.,The conventional physical therapy exerci
Experimental Procedure/Surgery,Active Comparator Procedure/Surgery
Illuminated nine-square dance pad (INSP) training,Control
Sponsors
Mae Fah Luang University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 35 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Adults (18-35 years old) with a medical diagnosis of mild to moderate intellectual disability according to ICD-10, or DSM-5. 2. Able to walk independently without assistive devices. 3. Able to follow simple instructions. Participants must comprehend and respond to simple verbal commands in functional and cognitive testing, such as walking, stepping, or reacting to visual or auditory cues. This ability will be confirmed during the initial screening session. 4. Willing to participate in the study and able to provide informed consent, or have consent provided by a parent/guardian. 5. Able to participate consistently in the study and likely to adhere to the study protocol.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Severe cardiovascular disease that limits exercise participation including uncontrolled hypertension, arrhythmia, history of recent myocardial infarction, or congenital heart defects. 2. Severe musculoskeletal impairments that prevent safe participation in exercise, including significant deformities, acute and chronic joint pain, recent fractures, or severe limitations in mobility. 3. Diagnosis of epilepsy or history of seizure disorders. 4. Uncorrected or severe visual impairments, including blindness, strabismus, or color blindness. 5. Aggressive behavior or inability to control emotions, posing a risk to themselves or others, as diagnosed by a doctor and documented in medical records. 6. Psychiatric conditions requiring specialized treatment, such as schizophrenia or severe depression, as diagnosed by a doctor and documented in medical records.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Timed up and go test (TUG) Before training and After 4 week Participants sit in a chair, then stand, walk 3 meters around a cone, and return to sit. Times for three trials are averaged for final results.,Five times sit-to-stand test (FTSST) Before training and After 4 week Participants sit, cross arms, and stand up and sit down five times quickly on command. Total time for three trials is recorded and averaged for analysis.,Reaction time test (RT) Before training and After 4 week The SRT test measures cognitive speed by having participants press / quickly when a red circle appears tracking response time and accuracy over 20 stimuli,Trail making test Part A (TMT-A) Before training and After 4 week Participants click numbers 1-25 in order on-screen as quickly and accurately as possible. Correct clicks connect with lines; errors show no line. Performance is measured by total completion time. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Six-minute walk test (6MWT) Before training and After 4 week Participants walk back and forth along a 30-meter corridor for six minutes, with distance covered recorded. They can slow down or stop but are encouraged to resume walking.,10Meter walk test (10MWT) Before training and After 4 week Participants walk 10 meters at a comfortable pace, with 2 meters for acceleration and deceleration. Three trials are averaged, and speed is recorded in meters per second. | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Public ContactDonlaya Promkeaw
Mae Fah Luang University
Outcome results
None listed