Spinal anesthesia is a highly effective for many surgeries. However, the procedure itself causes pain, anxiety and dissatisfaction to the patients. anxiety, music, pain, spinal anesthesia
Conditions
Interventions
participants were given a pair of in ear headphones ,the same model for all participants, connected to the MP3 player with noise canceling technology to cut out sounding noise in the treatment group,
Music,silent
Sponsors
Udon Thani Hospital
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. male or female patients with age of 18 years old or older and receiving spinal anesthesia 2. . The participants had to be fully conscious, well cooperative and normal auditory perception
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Patients who were blinded. 2. Patients who were illiterate. 3. Patients were not welling to participate in the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| pain immediately after spinal anesthesia visual analog scale | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| anxiety, satisfaction, physician-perceived procedure difficulty immediately after spinal anesthesia visual analog scale | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Public ContactThanyarat Prommahachai
Udon Thani hospital
Outcome results
None listed