Healthy volunteer Collegiate shooters
Conditions
Interventions
Roasted coffee essential oil ,Sweet almond oil ,Passive rest with no inhalation
Experimental Other,Sham Comparator Other,No Intervention Other
coffee oil inhalation (Coffee),sweet almond oil inhalation (Almond),no inhalation (Control)
Sponsors
None listed
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 24 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: (1) moderate-to-high anxiety levels according to STAI scores (Spielberger, 1983), (2) right-handedness as determined by the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (Oldfield, 1971), (3) normal or corrected-to-normal vision, and (4) possessed beginner or intermediate shooting experience of five years or less.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: (1) nasal or olfactory disorders, (2) allergies to essential oils, recent (less than 3 months) use of antidepressants, (3) antihistamines, (4) psychotropic medications, and (5) cardiovascular, orthopedic, neuromuscular, or metabolic disorders.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| heart rate baseline , after the anxiety-inducing tasks, and following the inhalation intervention. the Polar H10 system ,Blood pressure baseline , after the anxiety-inducing tasks, and following the inhalation intervention. an OMRON device ,oxygen saturation baseline , after the anxiety-inducing tasks, and following the inhalation intervention. Rossmax SB210 pulse oximeter ,Anxiety state baseline , after the anxiety-inducing tasks, and following the inhalation intervention. State Trait Anxiety Inventory scores | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Brain wave activity baseline , after the anxiety-inducing tasks, and following the inhalation intervention. Electroencephalogram | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Public ContactAmornpan Ajjimaporn
Mahidol University
Outcome results
None listed