The Effect of Combined Action Observation and Motor Imagery-based BCI on Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Status

Recruiting

Phases

Phase 2

Study type

Interventional

Source

TCTR

Registry ID

TCTR20250124004

Enrollment

Registered

2025-01-24

Start date

2025-08-01

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2026-08-03

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with survivors often experiencing hemiparesis, particularly impairments in arm and hand function. Physical therapy, including therapeutic exercise, constraint-induced movement therapy, and task-specific training, has proven useful in improving upper limb function. However, these methods are less effective for stroke patients with moderate to severe upper limb impairments due to their inability to fully participate in training. A promis

Interventions

Stroke patients who receive combined action observation and motor imagery-based brain-computer interface (AOMI-BCI) training with neuromuscular electrical stimulation feedback three times a week for s

Experimental Drug,Active Comparator Drug,Placebo Comparator No treatment

AOMI-BCI,MI-BCI,Placebo-BCI

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Age

45 Years to 75 Years

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: 1. Age between 45 and 75 years old 2. First ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke of subcortical or cortical type 3. Stroke duration more than 6 months 4. Absence of visual impairment 5. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score > 23 points 6. Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper extremity (FMA-UE) score < 42 points 7. Absence of communication impairment 8. Can sit on a chair for more than 45 minutes

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: 1. Visual Analog Scale greater than 75 in any body region 2. Modified Ashworth scale grade > 3 3. Presence of other neurological disorders 4. Presence of musculoskeletal disorder that limits arm and hand movements 5. Presence of communication impairment (i.e., aphasia, neglect syndrome) 6. Presence history of epilepsy 7. Presence history of craniotomy 8. Presence of pacemaker implantation or contradiction of neuromuscular electrical stimulation

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Upper limb function Within 7 days after the end of the intervention Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity	—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
Upper limb function Within 7 days after the end of the intervention Action Research Arm Test, Wolf Motor Function Test, Motor Activity Log	—

Countries

Thailand

Contacts

Public ContactYodchanan Wongsawat

Mahidol University

yodchanan.won@mahidol.ac.th0843217778

Outcome results

None listed

Source: TCTR (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Aug 10, 2026