A Comparison of SIEVE, SORT, and START Triage Training Effectiveness Between Immersive Interactive 3D Learning Materials Using Virtual Reality and Traditional Methods in Mass Casualty Incidents

A Comparison of SIEVE, SORT, and START Triage Training Effectiveness Between Immersive Interactive 3D Learning Materials Using Virtual Reality (VR-SSST) and Traditional Methods in Mass Casualty Incidents

Status

Active, not recruiting

Phases

Phase 2

Study type

Interventional

Source

TCTR

Registry ID

TCTR20241105003

Enrollment

Registered

2024-11-05

Start date

2024-08-01

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2026-03-30

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Knowledge was assessed through pre- and post-tests in four domains: memory, comprehension, application, and analysis. Learner motivation was evaluated using the ARCS model (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction), and practical skills were measured during live simulations Virtual reality, Disaster triage, Sieve triage, Sort triage, Start triage, Mass casualty incidents, ARCS model

Interventions

Traditional Group is Lecture and tabletop exercise,VR Group is lecture and Virtual Reality

Active Comparator Other,Experimental Device

Traditional group ,VR group

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Age

18 Years to No maximum

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: Participants were recruited from the paramedic student cohort at Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: Students with conditions potentially exacerbated by VR, including epilepsy or photosensitive seizures, recent concussion or traumatic brain injury, and severe motion sickness or vestibular disorders, were excluded from the study

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Pretest-Posttest score (divided into memory, comprehension, application, and analysis). After intervention Questionnaire or Score,ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction) motivation model score After intervention Questionnaire or Score	—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
Practical triage skills ( in SIEVE, SORT, START triage) score and Timely use One week after intervention Questionnaire or Score	—

Countries

Thailand

Contacts

Public ContactPromphet Nuanprom

Ramathibodi hospital

Promphet.nua@gmail.com6622011484

Outcome results

None listed

Source: TCTR (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Apr 4, 2026