Supported by evidence, numerous theories posit that periodontal disease could serve as a risk factor for cognitive decline through three primary pathways: inflammation, malnutrition, and direct brain stimulation. While the direct brain stimulation pathway remains the least explored, several studies have demonstrated that biting and chewing may acutely enhance brain activity in prefrontal cortex area. From a dental anatomy perspective, the periodontal ligament (PDL) plays a crucial role in transm
Conditions
Interventions
1. All teeth must be natural teeth by means of having natural dental roots
There are no dental prosthetics in normal function. (such as removable dentures or implants)
2. Have at least 4 points of contact (POPs) with tight occlusion, confirmed by Shimstock testing. To test
Other,Other
PDL group,non-PDL group
Sponsors
The 90th Anniversary of Chulalongkorn University Fund (Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
55 Years to No maximum
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: For the inclusion criteria of this study, there are both general criteria applicable to all participants and specific oral inclusion criteria for the PDL and non-PDL groups. To be eligible for participation, individuals must meet the following general inclusion criteria: General inclusion criteria 1. be aged 55 years or older at the time of participation 2. be right-handed 3. be a non-smoker 4. be able to provide consent independently 5. proficient in Thai communication 6. express voluntary willingness to participate 7. comply with study procedures 8. exhibit well-controlled systemic diseases as indicated by fully independence (as full score of Thai version of the Barthel Index), demonstrate regular treatment adherence and the absence of complications
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Individuals who meet any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study, as assessed through self-reported interview. 1. Current acute mental illness, including depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorder. 2. History of chronic mental illness, including schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder. 3. History of neurological disorders, including dementia, cerebrovascular accident, traumatic brain injury, Parkinsons disease, multiple sclerosis, meningitis, encephalitis, epilepsy, brain tumor, and brain abscess. 4. Abnormal dental occlusion (traumatic occlusion) 5. Temporomandibular disease 6. Oral ulcer or pathogenic lesion in the oral cavity 7. Sign of other inflammation or infection in oral cavity rather than periodontal disease 8. Any pain or discomfort experienced during biting and chewing Participants with a history of medical conditions affecting the immune system, such as lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, asthma, cancer, cardiac disease, liver disease, endocrine disorders (including hypo and hyperthyroidism), and kidney disease, will be noted but not excluded. Additionally, individuals with a history of moderate to severe COVID-19 infection or currently experiencing moderate COVID-19 symptoms, as well as those with long-lasting symptoms of COVID-19 (such as persistent fatigue, congestion, and fever), or any other systemic infectious disease, will also be noted but not excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration, assessed by fNIRS, during biting and chewing tasks date of participation g/L | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) from Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) date of participation ng/dl | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Public ContactPanatcha Weerapol
Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University
Outcome results
None listed