Treatment efficacy(Pain reduction after fentanyl nebulized), Treatment side effects(side effects after fentanyl nebulized) fentanyl, opioid, nebulized, musculoskeletal pain, elderly, emergency room, randomized controlled trial
Conditions
Interventions
The researcher prepared fentanyl (the researcher informed the in-charge nurse to open the medicine cabinet and double-checked the dosage with the in-charge nurse). The dosage was 2 micrograms per kilo
s actual weight in kilograms). The medication was contained in a nebulizer. It was then mixed with normal saline (0.9% normal saline) to a total volume of 5 milliliters and administered via nebulizati
Active Comparator Drug,Active Comparator Drug,Active Comparator Drug
Nebulized fentanyl 2 mcg/kg,Nebulized fentanyl 3 mcg/kg,Nebulized fentanyl 4 mcg/kg
Sponsors
Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Medical College and Vajira Hospital
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
65 Years to 99 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age more than or equal 65 years old. 2. Presented with musculoskeletal pain within 3 days. 3. Pain score equal to or greater than 5 on a verbal numeric rating scale.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Patients need immediate intervention. 2. Patients need acute rescue for acute coronary syndrome, respiratory failure, and stroke. 3. Creatinine clearance < 30 ml/min, Cirrhosis stage III, IV (present with ascites and varices). 4. Trauma >2 organ. 5. Comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 6. Take MAO inhibitors within 14 days. 7. History of opioid used within 8 hours. 8. History of alcohol or drug abuse. 9. History of fentanyl allergy. 10. Patients with difficulty to communication (e.g. altered mental status, severe dementia (define by 6-items cognitive screening > 12, language barrier).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Efficacy in pain reduction following nebulized fentanyl administration at different dosages. 30 Minutes verbal numerical rating scale | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Adverse events following nebulized fentanyl administration at different dosages. 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 Minutes Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA), Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale ,Events of rescue therapy following nebulized fentanyl administration at different dosages. 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 Minutes Present of events of rescue therapy | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Public ContactSupavit Punyapatipan
Faculty of medicine Vajira hospital
Outcome results
None listed