Patients undergoing general anesthesia. Lidocaine, Fentanyl, Propofol, Ondansetron, Injection pain
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age 18 - 65 years 2. Undergoing general anesthesia 3. Elective surgery 4. ASA physical status I or II
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. History of chronic pain 2. The patient has a history of allergy to propofol, eggs, lidocaine, fentanyl, or ondansetron. 3. Patients with liver disease 4. Patient has communication problems 5. The patient received anxiolytics or painkillers on the morning of the surgery. 6. Body mass index greater than or equal to 30 kilograms per square meter 7. Rapid sequence intubation
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Verbal Numerical Rating Scale and Behavior pain scale are recorded immediately after the propofol injection immediately after the propofol injection Verbal Numerical Rating Scale and Behavior pain scale | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| incidence of adverse events; hypotension, bradycardia, and sedation. at 3 minutes after normal saline, fentanyl, ondansetron injection and 1 minute after propofol lidocaine mixture injection Patient reported outcome using a question. Clinical signs and hemodynamic changes were observed. | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Department of Anesthesiology, Neurological Institute of Thailand