The energy availability and factors potentially associated with energy availability in male bodybuilding and physique sports athletes. Body Build, Dietary Intake, Energy Expenditure, Body Image Dissatisfaction, Eating Behavior
Conditions
Interventions
Male bodybuilding &
physique sports athletes who were members of the TBPA-registered sports clubs in the Bangkok metropolis.
Screening
physique sports athletes
Sponsors
The Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Male
Age
20 Years to 50 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. The bodybuilding and physique sports athletes, 2. Members of the TBPA-registered sports clubs in the Bangkok metropolis, 3. Would compete in 2022 Thailand's national bodybuilding and physique sports competitions, 4. Would be able to make the twice appointments for the body assessment within 1-4 weeks before a competition day.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Had any electronic implants (pacemaker or defibrillator), 2. Had any underlying diseases or medications for disease treatment in the last month, 3. Had any radioactive drug for treatment or diagnosis in the previous two months, 4. Training workout was less than four days per week in the last month, 5. Unable to comply with the study protocol.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Energy availability (kcal/kg FFM/day) for individuals, Average, and EA status. Eight observation days period within eight weeks before the competition (Diet Intake Energy - Exercise Energy Expenditure)/Fat-Free Mass. The low, reduced, optimal-high EA are less than 30, less than 45 to 30, and equal 45 to higher in kcal/kg FFM/day, respectively. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Anthropometry Eight observation days period within eight weeks before the competition Standard protocol for measuring body weight (InBody 720 body composition analyzer), height ( Portable Stadiometer, Holtain), and circumferences (SECA 203 ergonomic circumference measuring tape).,Dietary Intake Eight observation days period within eight weeks before the competition Nonconsecutive 3-days food record (including whey protein powder, except tablet and capsule supplements) by using INMUCAL-Nutrients V.4.0 database ,Energy expenditure Eight observation days period within eight weeks before the competition Tri-axial accelerometer (Actigraph GT3XP-BTLE and ActLife v.6.13.4 software) and heart rate monitor (Polar H7 Heart Rate Sensor) were used according to the manufacturer's manual,Resting metabolic rate Eight observation days period within eight weeks before the competition Standard protocol for Indirect calorimetry (Vmax Encore 29 System, Sensor Medics Corp.),Body composition Eight observation days period within eight weeks before the competition Standard protocol for Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA Bone densitometer, fan-beam technology, Discovery Wi),Bodybuilding playing history data Eight observation days period within eight weeks before the competition The questionnaire about bodybuilding (first age and year period), competition (first age, year period, position ranked), stress or fracture bones, diet plan, and training plan for the next contest.,Eating attitudes behaviors Eight observation days period within eight weeks before the competition The Eating Attitudes Test-26 Thai version for non-clinical settings has demonstrated reliability and validity in both males and females,Body image dissatisfaction (BID scores) Eight observation days period within eight weeks before the competition 7 bodybuilder bodies sketch drawing (1. thinnest to 7. biggest) adapted from photographs of Castro A, et.al. (Rev Bras Med Esporte, Vol. 17, No 4, 2011). BID equal to desi | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Public ContactRatipong Niratisayakul
Food and Drug Administration
Outcome results
None listed