Gestational diabetes mellitus diabetes in pregnancy
Conditions
Interventions
Education on how to practice a low glycemic index diet and breastfeeding education,Follow health clinic standard care procedures
Experimental Other,No Intervention No treatment
Sponsors
MARA University of Technology
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Age
18 Years to 45 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Pregnant women aged 18 to 45 years with 20 weeks of gestation or later 2. Primiparous women with a singleton pregnancy 3. Pre-pregnancy BMI more than 22.9 kg m2 4. Women who were diagnosed with GDM with more than or equal to 1 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) values exceeding established thresholds (fasting 5. 5.1 mmoll, 1 hour 10.0 mmoll, 2 hours 8.5 mmoll). 5. On a diet-controlled alone 6. Women who receive antenatal care at Meru Health Clinic, Sungai 7. Buloh Health Clinic, and Kuala Selangor Health Clinic 8. Have the intention to breastfeed 9. Have telephone access 10. Malaysian women
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Women whose illness or medication prevented her from breastfeeding the infants 2. Infant admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) 3. Women who have already diagnosed with T1DM or T2DM 4. Women who were diagnosed with overt diabetes (at least presence with one of the following; FBG more than or equal to 7.0 mmol/L or random plasma glucose (RPG) more than or equal to 11.1mmol/L) 5. Women who have a severe infection such as HIV, human T- cell lymphotropic virus type I or II infection, or active tuberculosis 6. Carrying fetus with confirmed congenital anomalies which is unable to receive breastmilk naturally 7. Women who are unable to communicate in English or Malay. 8. Multiple pregnancies
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Breastfeeding practices 6 month postnatal Duration and Frequency | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| glucose parameters 6 months postnatal Oral glucose tolerance test, insulin, and Hba1C,Dietary intake pregnancy calorie, dietary glycemic index, ,anthropometry 6 month postnatal weight, height, body mass index, fat percentage, waist circumference, mid-arm circumference, | — |
Countries
Malaysia
Contacts
Public ContactVenugopalan B
Ministry of Health Malaysia
Outcome results
None listed