Effects of swimming on cardiovascular risk factors and physical fitness in school-age children with overweight and obesity

Status

Active, not recruiting

Phases

Early Phase 1

Study type

Interventional

Source

TCTR

Registry ID

TCTR20220216001

Enrollment

Registered

2022-02-16

Start date

2018-05-15

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2026-03-30

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

cardiovascular risk factors in school-age children with overweight or obesity. physical activity

Interventions

The swimming intervention consisted of 50-min sessions performed twice a week for 12 months, including aquatic adaptation, fluctuation, breath, and displacement exercises, in addition to techniques of

Experimental Behavioral,Experimental No treatment

swimming,Sedentary

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Age

7 Years to 16 Years

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: school-aged children and adolescents with or without overweight/obesity

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: any contraindication to exercise; health problems impairing microcirculatory assessment; kidney, hematological, hepatic, rheumatologic, cardiovascular, respiratory, or endocrine disease; or use of anti-inflammatory medication

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
blood pressure before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention Omron 705IT oscillometer device (OnromTM, Matsusaka, Japan) ,endothelial function before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPATTM 2000, Itamar Medical Ltda., Caesarea, Israel),Forearm blood flow before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention venous occlusion plethysmography (EC-6; HokansonTM, Bellevue, WA, USA),heart rate variability before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention (EndoPATTM 2000, Itamar Medical Ltda., Caesarea, Israel),abdominal fat distribution before and after 12 months of intervention ultrasonography Aplio XG SSA-790(ToshibaTM, Tochigi-ken, Japan),carotid intima-media thickness before and after 12 months of intervention ultrasonography Aplio XG SSA-790(ToshibaTM, Tochigi-ken, Japan)	—

Measure

Time frame

blood pressure before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention Omron 705IT oscillometer device (OnromTM, Matsusaka, Japan) ,endothelial function before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPATTM 2000, Itamar Medical Ltda., Caesarea, Israel),Forearm blood flow before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention venous occlusion plethysmography (EC-6; HokansonTM, Bellevue, WA, USA),heart rate variability before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention (EndoPATTM 2000, Itamar Medical Ltda., Caesarea, Israel),abdominal fat distribution before and after 12 months of intervention ultrasonography Aplio XG SSA-790(ToshibaTM, Tochigi-ken, Japan),carotid intima-media thickness before and after 12 months of intervention ultrasonography Aplio XG SSA-790(ToshibaTM, Tochigi-ken, Japan)

—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
Physical activity level before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C),cardiorespiratory fitness before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention Yoyo endurance test level 1 ,Insulin before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention gamma-C12 equipment with Coat-A-Count radioimmunoassay solid phase (DPCTM, Los Angeles, CA, USA),Serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) efore and after 6 and 12 months of intervention automated enzymatic methods,Leptin, adiponectin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention ELISA kits (R & D SystemsTM, Minneapolis, MN, USA),Body mass before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention digital scale ,height before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention a tape attached to the wall and a square,Waist circumference before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention a flexible tape (nearest 0.1 cm), at the midpoint between the lowest rib and iliac crest,Nutritional status before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention World Health Organization (WHO) standardized BMI values for age and sex calculated using the Anthro PlusTM software version 1.04 (WHO, Geneva, Switzerland)	—

Measure

Time frame

Physical activity level before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C),cardiorespiratory fitness before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention Yoyo endurance test level 1 ,Insulin before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention gamma-C12 equipment with Coat-A-Count radioimmunoassay solid phase (DPCTM, Los Angeles, CA, USA),Serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) efore and after 6 and 12 months of intervention automated enzymatic methods,Leptin, adiponectin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention ELISA kits (R & D SystemsTM, Minneapolis, MN, USA),Body mass before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention digital scale ,height before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention a tape attached to the wall and a square,Waist circumference before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention a flexible tape (nearest 0.1 cm), at the midpoint between the lowest rib and iliac crest,Nutritional status before and after 6 and 12 months of intervention World Health Organization (WHO) standardized BMI values for age and sex calculated using the Anthro PlusTM software version 1.04 (WHO, Geneva, Switzerland)

—

Countries

Brazil

Contacts

Public ContactElisabeth Machado

University of Rio de Janeiro State

bethamachado6@gmail.com552123340703

Outcome results

None listed

Source: TCTR (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Apr 4, 2026