Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Breastfeeding Dietary Management Glucose control T2DM
Conditions
Interventions
Participants in this group will receive continuous breastfeeding support and dietary guidance as early as 20 weeks of gestation until 6 months of post-natal. This module consists of 4 prenatal modules
Experimental Other,No Intervention Other
Breastfeeding and Dietary Intervention Group (BDIG)),Control Group (CG)
Sponsors
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Age
18 Years to 45 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Pregnant women aged 18-45 years with 20 weeks of gestation or later Primiparous women with singleton pregnancy Pre-pregnancy BMI >22.9 kg/m2 Women who were diagnosed with GDM with more than 1 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) values exceeding established thresholds (fasting 5.1 mmol/l, 1 hour 10.0 mmol/l, 2 hours 8.5 mmol/l). On a diet-controlled alone Women who receive antenatal care at selected Health Clinic; Meru Health Clinic, Sungai Buloh Health Clinic, and Kuala Selangor Health Clinic Have the intention to breastfeed Have telephone access Malaysian women
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Women whose illness or medication prevented her from breastfeeding the infants Infant admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Women who have already diagnosed with T1DM or T2DM Women who were diagnosed with overt diabetes (at least presence with one of the following; FBG more or equal to 7.0 mmol/L or random plasma glucose (RPG) more or equal to 11.1mmol/L) Women who have a severe infection such as HIV, human T- cell lymphotropic virus type I or II infection, or active tuberculosis Carrying fetus with confirmed congenital anomalies which is unable to receive breastmilk naturally Women who are unable to communicate in English or Malay. Multiple pregnancies
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Breastfeeding outcomes at 36 weeks of pregnancy until 6 months after delivery Breastfeeding knowledge and attitude questionnaire (KA-BFQ), Infant Feeding Intention (IFI), Breastfeeding self-efficacy Scale Short Form (BSES-SF), Breastfeeding intensity Questionnaire | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| glycemic-related parameters, dietary intake, and anthropometry measurement 6 months after delivery Fasting blood glucose, OGTT, HbA1C, HOMA-IR, FFQ, 3-Days-diet -record,BMI, MUAC, body fat percentage, waist circumference. | — |
Countries
Malaysia
Contacts
Public ContactFARHANAH AHMAD SHUHAIMI
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
Outcome results
None listed