This study aims to comparing the efficacy in relief breathlessness of nebulization with fentanyl, furosemide and sterile water by using N-of-1 study. An N-of-1 study is a within-patient randomized, double-blind, and crossover trials in each patient. Refractory breathlessness, Nebulized medications, N-of-1
Conditions
Interventions
Study was done as 1 cycle of 3 day of treatment that done for nebulized fentanyl or furosemide or sterile water . Fentanyl 50 mcg or Furosemide 40 mg or sterile water that all diluted in sterile water
Fentanyl,Furosemide,Water
Sponsors
no
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 85 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria 1. Age more than 18 years 2. Breathlessness symptoms with scored more than 3 on mMRC. 3. Good orientation 4. Patients with refractory breathlessness Clarify by standard of care 5. Life expectancy more than 3 days, and clinical of breathlessness is stable
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion Criteria 1. Adverse reactions to Fentanyl or Furosemide 2. Medical use: Fentanyl, Furosemide 3. Confused, poor cognition or delirium 4. Resting respiratory rate between 8 and 20 per minute: Evaluate by Pulse Oximetry and Counting by observer
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| breathlessness intensity Borg scale 4 0-10 | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Visual cough score 4 0-10 | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Public ContactPhichai Chansriwong
Ramathiboi Hos Mahidol U
Outcome results
None listed