People experience neck pain every year,
Conditions
Interventions
Proprioceptive training is an intervention that targets the improvement of proprioceptive function by using somatosensory signals such as proprioceptive or tactile afferents in the absence of informat
2015). Thus,
in the present study,
proprioceptivtraining regime will be consisted of active cervical joint position sense (head relocation) exercises,
active cervical movement sense (kinesthetic) exercises and active oculomotor control (gaze stability) exercises for 6 weeks to provide most beneficial large effect sizes. The cervical joint position s
with a laser attached to the apex of headband wearing on their head pointing an eye level target located on a wall 90 cm away as the natural head posture (NHP). For the week 1 to 2,
the cervical joint position sense exercises will be performed relocating their head back to the NHP after active neck movements (flexion,
lateral flexion) with eyes open using feedback from the laser attached to their head. During week 3 to 4,
exercise program will be progressed with pupillary glasses preventing pupillary excursion,
and finally with their eyes closed during week 5 to 6 for 3 sets of 5 repetition (Revel M et al.,
Revel M et al.,
1994).The cervical movement sense (kinest
Proprioceptive training (Experimental group),Craniocervical flexors training (Experimental group),Advice group (Control group)
Sponsors
Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 25 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Participants who meet the following criteria will be included in this study. 1) Subclinical neck pain with recurrent outbreaks and low-grade neck dysfunction but do not take regular treatment (Lee HJ et al., 2004; Lee HJ et al., 2005; Lee HY et al., 2008) 2) University students, 18-25 years of age, BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2 (Hegazy AA et al., 2016; Gustafsson E et al., 2010) 3) Have experience on smartphone use more than 6 months (Xie Y et al., 2016) 4) Use smartphone at least 2 hours per day (Xie Y et al., 2016) 5) Have neck disability index (NDI) score between 5/50 and 15/50 (Izquierdo TG et al., 2016; Falla D et al., 2008; Jull G et al., 2007) 6) Have Mild (VAS 5 - 44 mm) to moderate (VAS 45 - 74 mm) pain scores (Zakaria HM et al., 2017) 7) Voluntary participants who can read and understand English 8) Subclinical neck pain with balance impairment by BESS score ≥ 15 (Iverson GL et al., 2008)
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Participants who meet the following criteria will be excluded. 1) Any visual (if larger letter sizes than 20/20 eyesight), auditory, vestibular, neurology deficits (El Azab DR et al., 2017; Field S et al., 2008) 2) Any traumatic injuries or surgical interventions of the spine and lower limb within one year (Kim GY et al., 2012; Xie Y et al., 2016) 3) Any medical condition which may have a negative effect on balance such as type II diabetes mellitus (Kim GY et al., 2012; Xie Y et al., 2016) 4) Chronic musculoskeletal diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, connective tissue disorders such as fibromyalgia (Xie Y et al., 2016), severe low back pain, lower limb fractures and injuries (Lee JH et al., 2014) 5) Who participated in any of the neck muscles strengthening and balance training over the past 12 months (Wing Chiu TT et al., 2005) 6) Have Beck Disability Index (BDI) score > 30/63 (Whitney SL et al., 2007) 7) Have benign postural paroxysmal vertigo (BPPV), migraine, cervicogenic dizziness and Dizziness Handicap Inventory DHI score > 30/100 (Whitney SL et al., 2004) 8) Who participated in any of the neck muscles strengthening and balance training over the past 12 months (Wing Chiu TT et al., 2005) 9) Had taken any sedative drug or alcohol within the past 48 hours (Kim GY et al., 2012; Røgind H al., 2003) 10) Any medical condition that prevented exercise such as exercise-induced asthma, severe heart disease, cervical myelopathy, congenital anomalies, muscular contracture or bony block, psychological and cognitive disturbance.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Balance Error Scoring System 10 minutes Measuring balance errors within 20 seconds with closed eyes over the firm and foam surfaces in 6 con | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Cervical Joint Position Sense Error 5-10 minutes Measuring Cervical Joint Position Sense Error re-positioning to neutral head posture,Endurance of the deep neck flexors 2 minutes Measuring Endurance of the deep neck flexors,Visual Analogue Scale 1 minute Measuring Pain,Neck Disability Index Score 3-7.8 minutes Measuring Activity of Daily Living & quality of life | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Public ContactKhon Kaen Ethic Committeein Human Research
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Outcome results
None listed