The patients are diagnosed with unilateral or asymmetrical bilateral optic neuropathy or retinopathy with having RAPD Relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) Visual field defect
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1) The patients are diagnosed with unilateral or asymmetrical bilateral optic neuropathy or retinopathy 2) The patients have RAPD using neutral density filters and swinging light test 3) The patients are willing and able to provide informed consent to participate in the study 4) The patients are at age above 20 years old
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1) The patients have advance retinopathy or optic neuropathy 2) The patients have pupil irregularity in the abnormal RAPD eye such as posterior synechiae, iris atrophy, post laser peripheral iridotomy or iridoplasty, iris sphincter tear, iridodialysis, neovascular iris, corectopia, and traumatic mydriasis. 3) The patients use one of medications affecting the pupil size: dilating or constricting eye drops 4) The patients have media opacities that obscure pupillary examination or have an effect on visual field analysis such as cataract, corneal opacity, and vitreous hemorrhage 5) The patients are diagnosed with cranial nerve III palsy with pupillary involvement or Horners syndrome 6) The patients cannot perform visual field test with Humphrey automated perimetry program 30-2, SITA-standard strategy 7) The patients with unreliable Humphrey visual filed studies which define as one of these following: I. False-negative errors greater than 30% II. False-positive errors greater than 30% III. Fixation loss greater than 20%
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| the correlations between RAPD and VF parameters After enrollment RAPD by neutral density filters, VF by Humphrey automated perimetry CTVF30-2 | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| the correlations between RAPD and VF parameters After enrollment RAPD by swinging light test, VF by Humphrey automated perimetry CTVF30-2 | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University