1. SpO2 85% or less
Conditions
Interventions
The participants are not receives hypoxic conditions,The participants are receives hypoxic conditions at rest by using Hypoxicator (FiO2 = 14.1%),The participants are receives hypoxic conditions at ex
Control group (CT),Intermittent hypoxic exposure (IHE) group,Intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) group
Sponsors
Dapertment of physiology, Faculty of medicine, Khon Kaen University
National Research Management System: NRMS,
KKU
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
30 Years to 59 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Patients age between 30 to 59 years old; 2. Patients with stage I hypertension (a blood pressure of at least 140/90 mm Hg and of unknown cause) diagnosed by medical specialists according to the JNC8 guidelines in spite of concurrent use of antihypertensive agents; 3. Patients had to be under optimal medication treatment for at least six months; 4. Patients had to be clinically stable (i.e. no crises or changes in medication) for at least three months.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Patients have a serious respiratory disorder (e.g. asthma, COPD); 2. Patients have a history of cardiovascular diseases (e.g. acute myocardial infarction, and/or unstable angina), history of heart failure and stroke; 3. Patients presenting with history of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal diseases for more than one month; 4. Patients have an uncontrolled serious medical disease (e.g. CKD stage III); 5. Patients presenting with change of antihypertensive medication in the past 4 weeks before and during the experimental period; 6. Patients presenting with endocrine disorders (e.g. hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism); 7. Woman in pregnancy and lactation; 8. Patients had to be continuous exposure for more than one week to altitudes above 1,000 m during the three months preceding inclusion in the study; 9. Patients who participate in the weight loss program or use of weight loss drugs; 10. People with altitude sickness (e.g. bad headache, nausea, dizziness and feel exhausted) during the training sessions and cannot continue the experimental period; 11. Patients who cannot participate in the intermittent hypoxic exposure or training continuously; 12. People with psychology signs and symptoms (e.g. anxiety, depression).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Blood pressure, nitric oxide levels, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 aplha 1 day before intervention (PRE), 1 day and 4 weeks after intervention (POST1 and 2) Blood Pressure Monitor, Total Nitric Oxide Assay Kit, Human HIF1 alpha ELISA kit | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| heart rate variability, aerobic performance, body composition, lipid profiles 1 day before intervention (PRE), 1 day and 4 weeks after intervention (POST1 and 2) HRV analyzer and a Tanita BC-418 Analyzer | — |
Countries
Thailand
Contacts
Public ContactApiwan Manimmanakorn
Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University Muang, Khon Kaen Thailand 40002
Outcome results
None listed