Energy Intake, Motivation, Exercise, Mastication, Appetite Regulation
Conditions
Interventions
This is a randomized, crossover, controlled feeding, non-blinded clinical trial with four research arms. Due to the crossover design, all individuals will be submitted to the 4 interventions at differ
Sponsors
Faculdade de Nutrição - Universidade Federal de Alagoas
Faculdade de Nutrição - Universidade Federal de Alagoas
Eligibility
Age
19 Years to 30 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Age between 19 and 30 years; both sexes, body mass index between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m²; classified as irregularly active or active according to the criteria of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short version; stable weight for at least 1 month; willing to comply with the schedule proposed by the research
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: The need for medical clearance to exercise according to the American College of Sports Medicine's Exercise pre-participation health screening questionnaire for exercise professionals; self-reported diagnosis of cardiorespiratory problems; chronic use of any medication (eg. : anti-diabetics, anti-hypertensives, anti-depressants, anti-retrovirals, immunosuppressants); altered fasting blood glucose, blood pressure or lipid profile; condition that makes it impossible to perform anthropometry, measurement of energy expenditure components or ergometric tests; individuals who are unable to consume the diet provided and/or have any food intolerances/allergies/restrictions; disordered eating behavior assessed using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-18 tool; smokers; pregnant and breastfeeding women
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| To evaluate ad libitum energy intake (kilocalories) from meals (breakfast) after a 12-hour fasting period. Four meals will be randomly provided, following the energy content characteristics of ultra-processed foods and the energy density of each intervention group | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| To evaluate motivational states toward exercise and sedentary behavior using the Cravings for Rest and Volitional Energy Expenditure (CRAVE) tool, administered before each acute exercise session following the interventions. We hypothesize that the high-energy-density diet rich in ultra-processed foods will contribute to reduced exercise motivation, and increased motivation toward sedentary behaviors;To assess tolerance to acute physical exercise, determined by time to exhaustion (in seconds) during a supramaximal constant-load exercise session performed 2 hours after breakfast;To assess hunger, fullness, satisfaction, and prospective food consumption. These will be measured using visual analog scales before and after meals (at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes) during each intervention. Additionally, familiarity and pleasure will be evaluated immediately after meals;To assess eating rate during meals. Measurements of grams consumed/minute, milliliters consumed/minute, calories consumed/minute, bites per minute, and chews per gram/kilocalorie will be performed using real-time video monitoring of each meal consumption;The thermic effect of food will be assessed by indirect calorimetry at 30, 90, and 120 minutes following an ad libitum breakfast, under controlled environmental conditions, to compare postprandial energy expenditure increases across the four test meals;The post-exercise lactate curve will be analyzed to identify the predominant energy pathway following different dietary interventions. Blood samples will be collected at four time points: pre-test and at the 3rd, 6th, and 9th minutes of recovery following supramaximal exercise;To evaluate ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during supramaximal exercise, comparing the effects of different dietary interventions. Measurement will be performed using the Borg 6-20 Scale (translated and validated Portuguese version), administered at two distinct timepoints: immediately before and after the test | — |
Countries
Brazil
Contacts
Public ContactNassib Bueno
Univerisidade Federal de Alagoas
Outcome results
None listed