Frailty
Conditions
Interventions
This is a randomized controlled clinical trial with two parallel groups: a resistance training group and a control group, involving older women classified as pre-frail. Each group will comprise a mini
(2) knee extension
and (3) knee flexion. Each training session will include three sets of 15 repetitions for each exercise, with 60-second rest intervals between sets and 90-second rest intervals between exercises. Trai
Sponsors
Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (Campus Morro do Cruzeiro)
Universidade Federal de Alfenas
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Age
60 Years to 70 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Being female; age range between 60 and 70 years; untrained in strength training; identified as pre-frail; vaccinated against COVID-19; independent in traveling to the intervention location and without permanent or temporary disability to walk; presenting neurological and/or cognitive conditions that allow them to answer the questionnaire (perceived by the interviewer during the presentation of the research and invitation to participate); free from any musculoskeletal injury; who have not undergone surgery in the last 12 months and who are not in physiotherapy treatment.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Women who experienced physical or general health problems prior to or after the start of the intervention; severe flu, respiratory tract infection, muscle and/or joint pain that could limit the performance of the exercises; those who refused to donate biological material (blood); and those who voluntarily or did not appear at the collection sites on the scheduled day and time.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The main primary outcome of this study is the change in T lymphocyte immunophenotype induced by the resistance training intervention. This outcome is defined as the variation in the absolute number and proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subpopulations and their naïve (CD28+), memory (CD28-), and senescent (CD57+) phenotypes in peripheral blood. It is hypothesized that, throughout the intervention period, there will be a progressive reduction in the number of senescent T lymphocytes (CD57+) and a concomitant increase in naïve T lymphocytes (CD28+), with detectable changes at the intermediate assessment (week 8) and more pronounced effects at the end of the intervention (week 16), compared with baseline (week 1). Additionally, these changes are expected to be more pronounced in the resistance training group compared with those observed in the control group. These immune parameters will be assessed by immunophenotyping using flow cytometry, based on the expression of specific cell surface markers. Blood samples will be collected at week 1 (baseline), week 8, and week 16, allowing the assessment of temporal changes and intervention-related effects over time. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| One of the secondary outcomes of this study is the change in handgrip strength, used as an indicator of overall muscle strength, assessed by handgrip dynamometry. It is hypothesized that participants in the resistance training group will exhibit a progressive increase in handgrip strength throughout the intervention period, with detectable improvements at the intermediate assessment (week 9) and more pronounced gains at the end of the program (week 17), compared with baseline (pre-intervention), whereas no significant changes are expected in the control group over time. Handgrip strength will be measured using a portable hand dynamometer, with participants seated, the assessed arm positioned parallel to the trunk, shoulder adducted, and elbow flexed at 90°, while the contralateral limb remains at rest; upon the evaluator’s signal, participants will be instructed to exert maximal force for three seconds. Three trials will be performed with 60-second rest intervals, and the mean value will be used for analysis. Assessments will be conducted before the start of the intervention, at week 9, and at week 17 of training.;Another secondary outcome of this study is the change in gait speed, assessed using the 4-meter walk test. It is hypothesized that participants in the resistance training group will demonstrate progressive improvements in gait speed throughout the intervention period, reflected by a reduction in the time required to complete the walking distance, with more evident changes at the end of the 16-week training program compared with baseline, whereas no significant changes are expected in the control group. The test will be performed in a flat and safe environment with a non-slip surface, where participants, initially positioned standing, will be instructed to begin walking upon the evaluator’s signal, at which point the stopwatch will be started, and the total time to complete the 4-meter distance will be recorded. Assessments will be conducted before the star | — |
Countries
Brazil
Contacts
Public ContactAntonio Souza Gomes
Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (Campus Morro do Cruzeiro)
Outcome results
None listed