What is the impact of pre-operative health education in patients with cardiovascular diseases on the stress, anxiety and pain of patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery? What is the relationship between health education and the patient's previous knowledge about the surgical procedure?
Conditions
Interventions
The patients enrolled for the study were divided into two groups: 16 patients in each group: Control group, who received pre-operative health education, according to the hospital routine. Intervention
Perceived Stress Scale and the collection of salivary cortisol was performed.
Other
I02.233.332
G07.775
Sponsors
Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria were elective patient for cardiac surgery; first performed the cardiac surgical procedure; be over 18 years of age; oriented in the time and space and to be in medical follow-up in the cardiac surgery service of the Hospital researched.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: The exclusion criteria were patients who underwent other emergency cardiac surgeries; who had neurological sequelae or any psychiatric disorder being unable to respond to the questionnaires applied in the research.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Expected outcome 1:In order to measure the level of the patient's stress in the cardiac surgery process, the Perceived Stress Scale proposed by Cohen et al (1983) was used to assess the level of stress in the control group, determined by the educational intervention, which measures the degree to which individuals perceive situations as stressful. The questions on this scale ask about their feelings and thoughts during the last month, composed of 14 questions, with options ranging from zero to four (0 = never; 1 = almost never; 2 = sometimes; 3 = almost always 4 = always). The questions with positive connotations (4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10 and 13) have their combined score inverted, as follows, 0 = 4, 1 = 3, 2 = 2, 3 = 1 and 4 = 0. The other questions are negative and should be added directly, the scores can vary from zero to 56 (LUFT et al., 2007). Another parameter used to measure the level of stress quantitatively was the analysis of salivary cortisol concentration, known as one of the biomarkers of stress, collected in the interval from 7:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m., in order to reduce the index of variables that interfere with the result. (ROCHA et al., 2013). Both methods of evaluation were performed on the first and third day of hospitalization. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Expected outcome 2:Lower anxiety level in the control group, determined by the educational intervention, precardiac surgery. To evaluate anxiety, the Hamilton - HAM (somatic and psychic) anxiety scale was used, which consists of 14 items graded from 0 to 4, generating a result between 0 to 56, from zero to 17, normal anxiety; 18 to 24, mild anxiety; 25-29, moderate anxiety and 30 or more, severe anxiety (DALLARMI et al., 2015, HAMILTON, 1959). This evaluation was performed on the first and third day of hospitalization. | — |
Countries
Brazil
Contacts
Public ContactSandra;Sandra Kinalski;Kinalski
Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul;Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Outcome results
None listed