Apraxia
Conditions
Interventions
The experimental group will be composed by 16 young T21 that will underwent to five double tDCS (2 mA, 35 cm2, 13:20:13 schedule) sessions, being anode over the Broca’s area in the left hemisphere and
Device
Other
Sponsors
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Ester Miyuki Nakamura Palacios
Eligibility
Age
18 Years to 30 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: They have to present clinical and / or genetic diagnosis of Trisomy 21 and meet criteria for intellectual disability (DSM-5) or intellectual development disorder (equivalent name found in ICD 11), and are classified according to the severity as mild (F70), moderate (F71), severe (F72), and profound (F73) according to ICD 10; they have to meet criteria for communication disorders (DSM-5), specifically speech sound disorder (F80.0); they should be clinically fit for the treatment proposed in the study and should therefore not present past or current illnesses that may be aggravated during treatment; they should also not have abnormalities in the laboratory tests, which may suggest a deterioration of their physical condition during the participation in the study; they should be able to understand the Portuguese language.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: It should not be included young people diagnosed with other associated mental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depressive and bipolar disorders, anxiety disorders, autistic spectrum disorder, stereotypic movement (with or without self-injurious behavior), impulsive disorders, and major neurocognitive disorders; those who have any metal in their brain or skull (splinters, fragments, pins, etc.) except for titanium, history of epilepsy, severe head injury, cochlear implant, cardiac pacemaker or intracardiac metal lines, should also not be included because of restrictions on the noninvasive brain stimulation technique; they will not be included due to MRI restrictions if they are carrying metal implant such as: heart valve, plate, pin, screw, stent, brain aneurysm clip, body shrapnel, piercing, metal prosthesis, orthodontic appliance, electronic implants such as cardiac pacemakers, neurostimulators, cochlear implants, claustrophobic patients and those with permanent makeup or tattooing done in the last three months.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Assessement of the voice onset time (VOT, interval between the release of a plosive consonant and the start of vocal fold vibration) in milliseconds using acoustic analysis through the PRAAT program (available free at www.praat.org) before, 24 hours and 30 days after the intervention. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Examine the activation (current density) in brain regions of interest using electrophysiological records (electroencephalography) of event-related potentials using a 30-channel wireless system operated by a lithium battery and with dry electrodes (Quick-30, Cognionics Inc., San Diego, USA) and later post-processed with BrainVision Analyzer 2.0 Professional software (BrainProducts Ltd, Munich, Germany) before, 24 hours and 30 days after intervention.;Magnetic Resonance Imaging Examination using a 1.5 Tesla Philips Magnetic Resonance Imager, Achieva model, with a specific skull coil, SENSE Head Coil model, 8 channels, before and 30 days after intervention.;Evaluate the intonation curves obtained by means of a spectrogram in the emission of an affirmative phrase such as "the beautiful girl is dancing" which will also be processed by the PRAAT program before, 24 hours and 30 days after the intervention.;To evaluate the pause marker index (PMI) between words defined as any pause of at least 150 ms in which there is no speech, considered a diagnostic marker to discriminate speech apraxia in childhood from speech delay and other subtypes of motor speech disorders before, 24 hours and 30 days after intervention.;Evaluate the scores of the social communication scale applied to parents and / or caregivers by applying an instrument developed to assess communication in children before, 24 hours and 30 days after intervention. | — |
Countries
Brazil
Contacts
Public ContactEster Nakamura Palacios
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Outcome results
None listed