How the use of e-cigarettes can affect the oral health and quality of life of young adults.

Effects of electronic cigarettes on oral health and oral health-related quality of life: a cohort study

Status

Recruiting

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Observational

Source

REBEC

Registry ID

RBR-29x2d9b

Enrollment

104

Registered

2026-04-27

Start date

2025-12-05

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2026-06-01

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Gingivitis

Interventions

This is a prospective, observational cohort study. A total of 52 participants who have used electronic cigarettes daily for at least 12 months and 52 non-users, all voluntarily enrolled in the clinica

Eligibility

Age

18 Years to 35 Years

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: Adults aged 18 to 35 years at the time of inclusion; both genders; residing in the Greater São Paulo Metropolitan Region; who agree to participate in the research and sign the Informed Consent Form

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: Refusing to participate in the study; being a conventional smoker; being a dual user (conventional cigarettes and electronic cigarettes); having systemic diseases that affect oral conditions, such as HIV infection or diabetes mellitus; being completely edentulous

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
To assess the mean periodontal clinical attachment loss in millimeters, verified through a complete periodontal examination in six sites per tooth, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months, comparing electronic cigarette users and non-users.	—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
To assess the clinical probing depth in millimeters, through a complete periodontal examination in six sites per tooth, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months, comparing electronic cigarette users and non-users.;To assess the visible plaque index, gingival bleeding index, and bleeding on probing within 15 seconds, through a complete periodontal examination in six sites per tooth, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months, comparing electronic cigarette users and non-users.;To assess unstimulated salivary flow in ml/min, collected according to the Navazesh protocol and stored for laboratory analysis, between electronic cigarette users and non-users, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months.;To assess the xerostomia score evaluated through the Visual Analog Scale, Modified Xerostomia Inventory, and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS), between electronic cigarette users and non-users, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months.;To verify the presence of changes in the oral mucosa classified into scores, where 0 = absence of changes, 1 = deviation from normality without pathological alteration, and 2 = pathological changes, in addition to recording lesions and the need for referral, between electronic cigarette users and non-users, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months.;To assess oral health-related quality of life, through the sum of total scores and the seven domains of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) instrument, in its brazilian version, ranging from 0 to 56 points, with higher scores indicating worse impact on oral health-related quality of life, comparing electronic cigarette users and non-users, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months.;To assess salivary levels of TGF-ß, RANKL, TNF-a, IL-1ß, IL-17, IL-10, and IL-4 evaluated by ELISA, from unstimulated whole saliva of electronic cigarette users and non-users, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months."	—

Measure

Time frame

To assess the clinical probing depth in millimeters, through a complete periodontal examination in six sites per tooth, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months, comparing electronic cigarette users and non-users.;To assess the visible plaque index, gingival bleeding index, and bleeding on probing within 15 seconds, through a complete periodontal examination in six sites per tooth, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months, comparing electronic cigarette users and non-users.;To assess unstimulated salivary flow in ml/min, collected according to the Navazesh protocol and stored for laboratory analysis, between electronic cigarette users and non-users, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months.;To assess the xerostomia score evaluated through the Visual Analog Scale, Modified Xerostomia Inventory, and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS), between electronic cigarette users and non-users, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months.;To verify the presence of changes in the oral mucosa classified into scores, where 0 = absence of changes, 1 = deviation from normality without pathological alteration, and 2 = pathological changes, in addition to recording lesions and the need for referral, between electronic cigarette users and non-users, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months.;To assess oral health-related quality of life, through the sum of total scores and the seven domains of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) instrument, in its brazilian version, ranging from 0 to 56 points, with higher scores indicating worse impact on oral health-related quality of life, comparing electronic cigarette users and non-users, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months.;To assess salivary levels of TGF-ß, RANKL, TNF-a, IL-1ß, IL-17, IL-10, and IL-4 evaluated by ELISA, from unstimulated whole saliva of electronic cigarette users and non-users, at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months."

—

Countries

Contacts

Public ContactCláudio Pannuti

Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo

pannuti@usp.br+551130917833

Outcome results

None listed

Source: REBEC (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Jun 11, 2026