Haematological Disorders Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria ? Adults aged = 18 years at time of hospital admission. ? Patients will be admitted to the selected wards (e.g., internal medicine, critical care units) during the study period for medical (non-surgical) causes ? Documented hemoglobin (Hb) value on admission (within 24 hours of admission). ? At least 2 follow-up Hb measurements during hospitalization (to detect HAA ? Hospital stay of = 24 hours (to exclude very short admissions where HAA cannot develop). ? Provides informed consent
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: ? Active major bleeding at the time of admission (e.g., GI hemorrhage, trauma with ongoing hemorrhage). ? Received blood transfusion before admission or within the first 24 hours from outside the admitting hospital ? Postoperative patients admitted immediately after major surgery with perioperative blood loss already documented ? Patients with incomplete or missing Hb data (no baseline or no follow-up Hb to determine HAA). ? Terminal palliative care patients where active diagnostic/therapeutic management of anemia is not intended ? Patients discharged, transferred, or died within <24 hours of admission.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Primary Endpoints •Frequency of pre-existing and hospital-acquired anemia. •Change in hemoglobin levels during hospitalization. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Secondary Endpoints • Identification of risk factors for hospital-acquired anemia. • Association between anemia type/severity and: o In-hospital mortality o Length of stay (LOS) o Need for blood transfusion o Readmission rate within 30 days | — |
Countries
Egypt
Contacts
Lecturer of Internal Medicine