Effects of Muscle Energy Technique and Kinesiology Taping on Selected Clinical Variables in Patients with Low Back Pain Secondary to Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction

Status

Recruiting

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Interventional

Source

PACTR

Registry ID

PACTR202602462858048

Enrollment

Registered

2026-02-06

Start date

2025-09-11

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2026-09-14

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Musculoskeletal Diseases

Interventions

Muscle Energy Technique

Kinesiology Taping

Conventional Physiotherapy

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: i. Adults aged 19-70 years. ii. Diagnosed with sacroiliac joint dysfunction based on Laslett’s provocation test cluster (2005). iii. Presence of unilateral or bilateral sacroiliac joint pain for at least 6 weeks. iv. Positive Fortin’s finger sign (Fortin et al, 1994) v. Ability to provide informed consent and follow the intervention protocol.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: i. Previous surgery or trauma to the lumbopelvic region. ii. Diagnosed inflammatory conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis. iii. Pregnancy or postpartum within the last 6 months. iv. Neurological deficits or other significant comorbidities affecting mobility

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
The visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a widely used tool to assess pain intensity. It consists of a 10 cm line anchored by “no pain” and “worst imaginable pain.” Scoring: The patient marks their pain on the line. Score is measured in millimeters from the “no pain” end (0–100 mm). Validity: VAS is a valid and responsive measure for pain in both acute and chronic settings (Hawker, Mian, Kendzerska, & French, 2011).;Modified Oswestry Disability Index (MODI) is a widely used questionnaire to assess disability due to low back pain. It is one of the most commonly used disease-specific measures for patients with low back pain (Fairbank, Couper, Davies, O’Brien, 1980). It evaluates the impact of pain on daily activities like walking, sitting, and lifting. It has 10 sections, each scored from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater disability. Scoring: Each item scores 0–5. Score (%) = (Total score / 50) × 100 Interpretation: a.0–20%: Minimal b.21–40%: Moderate c.41–60%: Severe d.61–80%: Crippling e.81–100%: Bed-bound or exaggerating Validity: MODI has strong construct validity with correlation coefficients up to 0.75 when compared with other validated disability measures and test-retest reliability in low back pain populations (Fairbank & Pynsent, 2000).	—

Measure

Time frame

The visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a widely used tool to assess pain intensity. It consists of a 10 cm line anchored by “no pain” and “worst imaginable pain.” Scoring: The patient marks their pain on the line. Score is measured in millimeters from the “no pain” end (0–100 mm). Validity: VAS is a valid and responsive measure for pain in both acute and chronic settings (Hawker, Mian, Kendzerska, & French, 2011).;Modified Oswestry Disability Index (MODI) is a widely used questionnaire to assess disability due to low back pain. It is one of the most commonly used disease-specific measures for patients with low back pain (Fairbank, Couper, Davies, O’Brien, 1980). It evaluates the impact of pain on daily activities like walking, sitting, and lifting. It has 10 sections, each scored from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater disability. Scoring: Each item scores 0–5. Score (%) = (Total score / 50) × 100 Interpretation: a.0–20%: Minimal b.21–40%: Moderate c.41–60%: Severe d.61–80%: Crippling e.81–100%: Bed-bound or exaggerating Validity: MODI has strong construct validity with correlation coefficients up to 0.75 when compared with other validated disability measures and test-retest reliability in low back pain populations (Fairbank & Pynsent, 2000).

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Secondary

Measure	Time frame
Tampa scale of kinesiophobia – 11 (TSK-11): The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) is a psychological screening tool designed to measure fear of movement and re-injury. Kinesiophobia refers to an irrational and debilitating fear of physical movement due to the belief that it may cause injury or exacerbate existing pain. This fear is common in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain, especially low back pain and other orthopedic conditions. The TSK-11 is a shortened version of the original 17-item scale. It was developed to reduce redundancy and improve clinical utility while retaining psychometric. High levels of kinesiophobia have been associated with increased disability, delayed recovery, fear-avoidance behaviors, and poor rehabilitation outcomes strength (Woby, Roach, Urmston, & Watson, 2005). Scoring Items: 11 self-report items Scale: 4-point Likert scale 1 = Strongly disagree 2 = Disagree 3 = Agree 4 = Strongly agree Score Range: Minimum = 11 Maximum = 44 Higher scores indicate greater fear of movement/re-injury. Interpretation: No universal cut-off score, but higher scores (usually above 30) are suggestive of clinically significant kinesiophobia, depending on population norms. Validity Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia -11 showed good construct validity with moderate to strong correlations with the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (r = 0.63) and Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (r = 0.52), supporting its utility in assessing fear related beliefs in patients with chronic low back pain (Woby, Roach, Urmston & Watson, 2005)	—

Measure

Time frame

Tampa scale of kinesiophobia – 11 (TSK-11): The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) is a psychological screening tool designed to measure fear of movement and re-injury. Kinesiophobia refers to an irrational and debilitating fear of physical movement due to the belief that it may cause injury or exacerbate existing pain. This fear is common in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain, especially low back pain and other orthopedic conditions. The TSK-11 is a shortened version of the original 17-item scale. It was developed to reduce redundancy and improve clinical utility while retaining psychometric. High levels of kinesiophobia have been associated with increased disability, delayed recovery, fear-avoidance behaviors, and poor rehabilitation outcomes strength (Woby, Roach, Urmston, & Watson, 2005). Scoring Items: 11 self-report items Scale: 4-point Likert scale 1 = Strongly disagree 2 = Disagree 3 = Agree 4 = Strongly agree Score Range: Minimum = 11 Maximum = 44 Higher scores indicate greater fear of movement/re-injury. Interpretation: No universal cut-off score, but higher scores (usually above 30) are suggestive of clinically significant kinesiophobia, depending on population norms. Validity Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia -11 showed good construct validity with moderate to strong correlations with the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (r = 0.63) and Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (r = 0.52), supporting its utility in assessing fear related beliefs in patients with chronic low back pain (Woby, Roach, Urmston & Watson, 2005)

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Countries

Nigeria

Contacts

Public ContactUdoka Okafor

Professor of Physiotherapy

uokafor@unilag.edu.ng2348023078247

Outcome results

None listed

Source: PACTR (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Sep 19, 2026