Urological and Genital Diseases
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Adults 2. Single lower-pole renal stone = 20 mm (on NCCT). 3. Normal renal anatomy and unobstructed pelvicalyceal system. 4. Unilateral stones with preserved renal function. 5. Medically fit for general anesthesia. 6. Written informed consent obtained.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Stones > 20 mm, staghorn or multiple calyceal stones. 2. Abnormal renal anatomy (horseshoe, duplex, malrotated kidney, PUJ obstruction, diverticulum). 3. Concomitant ureteric stones or ureteral pathology. 4. Active urinary tract infection or untreated bacteriuria. 5. Bleeding diathesis or anticoagulant use not correctable. 6. Pregnancy. 7. Severe comorbidities precluding anesthesia. 8. Previous renal surgery on the same side. 9. Solitary kidney, CKD patients or inability to complete follow-up.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Stone-Free Rate (SFR) at 1 month, CT-confirmed (NCCT =2 mm fragments counted as residual; i.e., SFR = no fragments >2 mm). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| • Operative time (skin incision/endoscope-in to final scope out or nephrostomy/stent placement; minutes). • Complications within 30 days, Clavien–Dindo graded; also report fever =38.5 °C, urosepsis, transfusion. • Fluoroscopy time (seconds) and radiation dose (mGy·cm² if available). • Post-op stenting (yes/no; dwell time). • Length of stay (days). • Retreatment/auxiliary procedures within 3 months. • Post-op pain (NRS at 6–12–24 h) and analgesic consumption (morphine-equivalents). • Hemoglobin drop (g/dL) and creatinine change (mg/dL). | — |
Countries
Egypt
Contacts
Lecturer and consultant of Urology