Musculoskeletal Diseases Orthopaedics
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Adults aged 18 to 65 years. 2. Diagnosed with chronic non-specific low back pain (pain lasting for more than 12 weeks without a specific underlying pathology). 3. Able to give informed consent and willing to participate in the study.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Low back pain due to specific causes such as spinal fracture, infection, malignancy, inflammatory conditions (e.g., ankylosing spondylitis), or radiculopathy. 2. History of spinal surgery. 3. Presence of neurological deficits or severe motor impairments.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Primary Outcome: •Pain Intensity: Measured by the Visual Analog Scale VAS to assess changes in pain levels. . Time point: Baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention Secondary Outcomes: •Disability: Measured by the Rolland Morris disability questionnaire RMDQ to evaluate functional impairment. •Kinesiophobia: Measured by the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) to assess fear of movement. •Psychological Well-being: Measured by the DASS-21 to evaluate levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Type of Outcome: Functional/Clinical Outcome: Disability level, measured using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) Time point: Baseline and after 6 weeks 2. Type of Outcome: Psychological Outcome: Kinesiophobia, measured using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) Time point: Baseline and after 6 weeks 3. Type of Outcome: Psychological Outcome: Depression, anxiety, and stress levels, measured using the DASS-21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales) Time point: Baseline and after 6 weeks | — |
Countries
Nigeria
Contacts
Lecturer federal university wukari