Pregnancy and Childbirth
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Nulliparous women in the active phase of spontaneous labor (cervical dilatation 3-5 cm), Gestational age of 36 weeks or longer, Cephalic presentation, Singleton gestation, and Intact or ruptured membranes.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Known diabetes mellitus, Known hypertension, Pre-eclampsia, Cardiac or renal disease, Evidence of chorioamnionitis or fetal distress, Pyrexia, Intrauterine fetal mortality, Scheduled cesarean section, and Epidural analgesia.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Primary Outcome Variable is the Total Duration of Labor: The total duration of labor includes both the first and second stages of labor: Stage 1: Active Phase of Labor •Start Time: The clock for labor begins at the onset of active labor (3-5 cm cervical dilation). •End Time: The first stage of labor ends at full cervical dilation (10 cm). Stage 2: Delivery of the Baby •Start Time: Once the cervix is fully dilated (10 cm), the second stage of labor begins. •End Time: The second stage ends with the delivery of the baby. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| • Secondary Outcomes Variables: • Method of Delivery: Categorical outcome includes vaginal delivery, assisted vaginal delivery, and cesarean section. • Use of Oxytocin: Categorical outcome, where oxytocin is either administered or not (yes/no). • Maternal and neonatal hyponatremia: whether hyponatremia occurred (yes/no). Blood samples will be collected from the mothers on admission and as soon as possible following delivery (results will be coded according to her IVF block). Clamped cord blood samples from the umbilical artery and vein will be collected (will be coded according to the mother IVF block). Samples will be sent to the laboratory to record the sodium level for the coded samples. | — |
Countries
Sudan
Contacts
Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Gezira