Pregnancy and Childbirth
Conditions
Interventions
intramuscular paracetamol group
intramuscular tramadol group
Sponsors
Ebere Ikenna
Chidebe C Anikwe
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1) booked pregnant women 2) spontaneous onset of labour 3) term singleton fetus, in cephalic presentation 4) no contraindication to vaginal delivery 5) consent to participate in the study.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Refusal to give consent 2. Patients with multiple gestation 3. Patients who presented at a gestational age below 37 weeks 4. Patients with history narcotics dependency 5. Patients with cardiopulmonary depression 6. Fetal distress 7. Intrauterine fetal death 8. Antepartum haemorrhage 9. History of recent chronic liver disease 10. Vaginal birth after Caeserean section 11. Breech presenting fetuses 12. History of renal disease 13. Known allergy to acetaminophen/tramadol 14. Any contraindication to vaginal delivery 15. Induced labour
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The efficacy of paracetamol or tramadol in achieving labour analgesia using the visual analogue scale. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Total duration of the labour event. 2. Presence of adverse maternal or foetal effect 3. Need for additional analgesia 4. Maternal satisfaction | — |
Countries
Nigeria
Contacts
Public ContactIkenna;Leonard Ebere;Ajah
senior registrar;consultant
Outcome results
None listed