Oral Health
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Patients aged 18years and above who were undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin City, Edo State 2. Patients who underwent bilateral extraction of the first premolars in either one or both arches. 3. Patients who had not previously undergone fixed orthodontic treatment 4. Patients with no systemic disease 5. Patients with no known bone pathology 6. Patients with no active periodontal disease 7. Patients who do not use tobacco
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. patients who had history of prolong use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, systemic corticosteroids, and calcium channel blocker 2. Patients who had poor oral hygiene even after motivation to maintain a good oral hygiene. 3. Patients who had evidence of significant bone loss around the canines radiographically 4. Patients who had positive history of past and or present periodontal disease, 5. Patients who had transalveolar extraction of their first premolars were excluded from the study 6. Patients who had evidence of active dental caries
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Canine retraction rate | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain following Microosteoperforation | — |
Countries
Nigeria
Contacts
Senior Registrar