Circulatory System Musculoskeletal Diseases Nervous System Diseases
Conditions
Interventions
Blood samples analysis and bilateral Knee proprioception analysis by Biodex for heavy smokers
Blood samples analysis and bilateral Knee proprioception analysis by Biodex
Investigation of nonsmokers participants
Sponsors
Cairo University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Male
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Subjects with age 20-45 years (WHO, 2009). 2. Body Mass Idex from 18.5- 24.9 km/m2. 3. Males Subjects only. 4. Smokers who smoked 4_5 cigarettes a day for the last 5 years. 5. Nonsmokers males with serum cotinine levels less than 10 ng/ml. 6. Light and moderate smokers with serum cotinine levels of 10–100 ng/ ml. 7. Heavy smokers with serum cotinine levels above 300 ng/ml. 8. Smoking will be restricted to cigarettes.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Diabetic patients 2. Patients who receive antidepressants. 3. Hypertensive patients. 4. Cardiac patients 5. Athletic patients. 6. Patients with a history of knee pain. 7. Knee Osteoarthritis. 8. Knee surgery. 9. Patients with high cholesterol levels. 9. Cardiopulmonary or cardiovascular problems. 10. A recent history of vestibular disorder, inner ear infection with associated balance. 11. Coordination problems.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1)Cotinine and serotonin serum level will be tested laboratory using Blood samples. 2)Bilateral Knee extensors peripheral fatigue and bilateral Knee proprioception will be measured using Biodex Isokinetic dynamometer. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Effects of serum cotinine level on knee proprioception | — |
Countries
Egypt
Contacts
Public ContactYasser Ramzy
Professor of Physical Therapy
Outcome results
None listed