Anaesthesia
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 60 adult patients aged between 18 - 65 years old, undergoing elective two or more levels of lumbar posterior spine fusion under general anesthesia will be enrolled in this study. Inclusion criteria include patients of both genders with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I/II.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Known hypersensitivity to lidocaine or ketamine, pregnancy, severe renal disorder, hepatic dysfunction, cardiac arrhythmias, severe cardiac or pulmonary disease, increased intraocular pressure, history of psychiatric disorders, epilepsy, history of alcohol or drug abuse, patients receiving beta-blockers or antiarrhythmics, uncontrolled diabetes or hypertension, and patients unable to operate patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The total intraoperative and postoperative opioid consumption and numeric pain scale. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Sedation score, i.v. rescue analgesic, PONV and pruritis. | — |
Countries
Egypt
Contacts
Assistant professor of anesthesia and intensive care Faculty of medicine Ain Shams university