AFRO II Project

Evaluating the feasibility and impact on malaria transmission of community-based winter larviciding in Namibia, Botswana and Eswatini

Status

Recruiting

Phases

Phase 4

Study type

Interventional

Source

PACTR

Registry ID

PACTR202008664678160

Enrollment

10000

Registered

2020-08-19

Start date

2017-10-01

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2026-09-14

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Malaria

Interventions

Winter larviciding

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: The study population will consist of residents of the locations and households targeted by the intervention demonstration experiments. We will select 12 locations that are malaria hotspots. Locations within a district will be at least 10 km apart and that are malaria hotspot areas. Larval habitat mapping, larval surveys and larviciding (where applicable) will be done in a radius of 1 km around each location. A study location should include at least 50 homesteads.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: Locations that are not malaria hotspot areas

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
The primary entomological objective is to assess whether winter larviciding combined with IRS prior to the rainy season reduce vector adult density inside and outside houses when compared with areas where only IRS is implemented. ;The primary clinical objective is to assess whether winter larviciding combined with IRS prior to the rainy season provides added protection against clinical malaria when compared with areas that receive IRS alone.	—

Measure

Time frame

The primary entomological objective is to assess whether winter larviciding combined with IRS prior to the rainy season reduce vector adult density inside and outside houses when compared with areas where only IRS is implemented. ;The primary clinical objective is to assess whether winter larviciding combined with IRS prior to the rainy season provides added protection against clinical malaria when compared with areas that receive IRS alone.

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Secondary

Measure	Time frame
The secondary entomological objectives include (1) to determine whether the combined intervention reduces the proportion of aquatic habitats containing Anopheles larvae not only during the intervention but also when larviciding is not implemented (spill-over effect, synergistic effect with IRS); (2) the Anopheles larval density in selected habitats; and (3) the entomological inoculation rate. ;The secondary clinical objective is to determine if the combined intervention reduces the rate of parasite infection and parasite density	—

Measure

Time frame

The secondary entomological objectives include (1) to determine whether the combined intervention reduces the proportion of aquatic habitats containing Anopheles larvae not only during the intervention but also when larviciding is not implemented (spill-over effect, synergistic effect with IRS); (2) the Anopheles larval density in selected habitats; and (3) the entomological inoculation rate. ;The secondary clinical objective is to determine if the combined intervention reduces the rate of parasite infection and parasite density

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Countries

Botswana, Namibia, Swaziland

Contacts

Public ContactPeter Sangoro

Post doctoral research fellow

psangoro@icipe.org+254721816804

Outcome results

None listed

Source: PACTR (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Sep 19, 2026