Musculoskeletal Diseases
Conditions
Interventions
TENS
Sponsors
Charles Ikechukwu Ezema
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: ambulatory male or female patients aged 20–70 years who had been clinically diagnosed of CLBP resulting from lumbar spondylosis of not less than six months duration with pain intensity NRS = 5 who were referred for physiotherapy,
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: previous use of therapeutic electrical stimulation modality pregnancy diabetes prior lumbar spine surgery history of cancer, cardiovascular, gynaecological, urological, and neurologic conditions severe spinal orthopaedic conditions such as pott’s disease, disc protrusion, lumbar (spinal and foramina) stenosis, radiculopathy, and spondylolisthesis > 1 cm skin lesions between L1 to L5 pain on vertical oscillatory thrust of any spinal vertebrae beyond L1 to L5 pain from hips and sacroiliac joints implanted electronic device (pacemaker) use of steroids and central nervous system stimulants
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain intensity of Numeric Rating Scale | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin and met-enkephalin | — |
Countries
Nigeria
Contacts
Public ContactOgochukwu Onyeso
Research Associate Department of Medical Rehabilitation University of Nigeria
Outcome results
None listed