Passive overconsumption, Appetite regulation, Dietary taste patterns related to higher BMI unconscious overeating, Appetite regulation, Food intake based on tastes related to weight gain
Conditions
Interventions
Umami taste, manipulated using monosodium glutamate (MSG) 
Energy density, manipulated by replacing regular products by their lower-fat, lower-sugar or higher-water versions.
Sponsors
Wageningen Universiteit
Eligibility
Age
18 Years to 64 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: In order to be eligible to participate in this study, a potential participant must meet all of the following criteria:Healthy: as judged by the participant; Age 18-65 years at the time of inclusion; Proper understanding of the Dutch language; Able to visit Wageningen University;Body mass index 20-30 kg/m2; Having normal taste ability.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: A potential participant who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study:Suffering from endocrine- or gastro-intestinal diseases or other diseases that might influence study outcomes (such as diabetes, Crohn’s disease, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, etc.); Diagnosed with eating disorders (currently or in the past); Diagnosed with taste or smell disorders in the past six months; Pregnant or lactating during the study intervention; Following a strict dietary regime;Extreme physical activity (>10 hours per week moderate/high intensity exercise);Gain or loss of more than 5 kgs in the last six months prior to study entry; Suffering from lack of appetite for any reason; Use of medication that may influence the appetite; Having a food allergy and/or intolerance for foods used in the dietary intervention; Consumes more than 14 (women) or 21 (men) glasses of alcohol per week; Frequent consumer of MSG-rich food items; Irregular eating pattern; Unwilling to maintain regular exercise pattern during the study period; Unwilling to quit use of soft or hard drugs during the intervention; Student or personnel of the division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University; Participating in any other intervention study/studies or planning to participate in another intervention study during the study period.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The primary study parameter is difference in average daily food intake (kcal) over two weeks of following a normal Dutch diet without added umami (control), a normal Dutch diet with added umami, or a lowered-energy density diet with added umami. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Secondary study parameters are defined as: Change in food intake over time; Diet satisfaction; Appetite and thirst ratings Taste preferences; Food cravings; Perceived umami taste intensity; Body composition; Bodyweight; Changes in MSG-syndrome complex related complaints. Compliance will be assessed by collecting returned empty seasoning sachets, monitoring reported food intake, and comparing physical activity levels across the three interventions. | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Contacts
Public ContactM.J. Kruijssen
Wageningen Universiteit
Outcome results
None listed