Dietary behavior, eating habits, nutritional behavior, eating practices How you eat / eating patterns
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Healthy men and women (self-reported);BMI of =23 – <30 kg/m2;Age of =25 – =70 years;Have a stable body weight (± <3 kg) for at least two months prior to enrolment;Habitually consume a breakfast;Be accustomed to eating three main meals per day (i.e. breakfast, lunch, and dinner)Willing to maintain a stable eating pattern, sport exercise and lifestyle along the whole study duration.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Diagnosed with any chronic gastrointestinal disease (e.g. IBS, IBD, functional/chronic constipation, food intolerance such as celiac disease, gastroparesis, SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth), GERD (GastroEsophageal Reflux Disease), etc.), diabetes mellitus, or other conditions that could affect study measures. Had a gastrointestinal surgery.Following, or had follow during the last 3 months, a restrictive diet (e.g. ketogenic, intermittent fasting, low-FODMAP, meal substitute) or currently dieting or following a program for weight loss;Intention to change the intensity of exercise during the study period;Use of medication or supplements that may affect our outcome measures (e.g. supplements impacting appetite, gastrointestinal function or metabolism, such as biotics, GLP-1 agonists and laxatives), and unwillingness to discontinue these for at least 4 weeks prior to study start (in consultation with the medical investigator). Supplements and medication are only allowed if habitual and stable (=2 months) and not expected to impact study outcomes. Intake of allowed supplements and medication must be kept stable throughout the intervention;Known food allergies or intolerances related to the test product or standardized meals;History of eating disorders or disordered eating behaviour;Willing to have hard or soft drugs consumption during the course of the study;Being pregnant or lactating, or willing to be during the study course of the study;Recent blood donation (<2 weeks prior to start of the study) or not willing to stop donation during the study; Participation in another clinical trial within the past 3 months.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in satiety response (incremental AUC of VAS scores) before and after intervention. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| GLP-1 levels, energy intake, hunger, appetite, craving and satiety feelings and external cues, gastrointestinal symptoms. | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Contacts
Wageningen Universiteit