glucose metabolism, glucose intolerance Sugar metabolism
Conditions
Interventions
Fully controlled diet of two 8-week intervention periods (2 weeks run-in + 6 weeks intervention). The diets differ in the presence of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS): NNS-diet versus non-NNS diet, wher
Sponsors
Wageningen Universiteit
Eligibility
Age
18 Years to 99 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Age 45-79 years;BMI of 20-35 kg/m2;Having veins suitable for placement of a venflon catheter.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Diseases or prior surgeries affecting the stomach, liver, kidneys or intestines (allowed i.e. appendectomy); Cardiovascular diseases (e.g. heart failure) or cancer (e.g. non-invasive skin cancer allowed); Diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes; Drug treated thyroid diseases (well substituted hypothyroidism is allowed for inclusion); HbA1c level >6.5% (>48 mmol/mol), as measured during the screening visit;Anaemia defined as Hb concentrations <8.5 mmol/L for men and <7.5 mmol/L for women via finger prick; Regular use of/receiving medication interfering with research outcomes (as judged by research physician), such as use of glucose lowering drugs, insulin, or use of medication that impacts the gastro-intestinal system; Use of antibiotics over the last 3 months before study start; Donated blood within 2 months prior to the screening; Food allergies, intolerances (including lactose/gluten intolerance) for products used in the study design and/or dietary restrictions interfering with the study (including special diets and eating disorders); Followed a diet that can interfere with the study outcomes within 1 month prior to the screening (e.g. ketogenic, sugar free, carbohydrate free);Not willing to eat all products in the study diet, including eggs and dairy. Vegetarian is possible;Not willing to consume non-nutritive sweeteners;Not willing to quit the use of supplements that can interfere with the study outcomes (e.g. pre- or probiotics).Intention to change the intensity of exercise during the study period or planning to join a intensive sport event (e.g. marathon or triathlon); Intention to lose or gain weight;Working night shifts regularly;Smoking regularlyUse of soft and/or hard drugs (cannabis included); Abuse of alcohol (defined as >14 glasses (women) or >21 glasses (men) of alcoholic beverages per week); Being pregnant or lactating or planning to become pregnant; Inability to understand study information and/or communicate with staff; Participation in another study that involves an intervention within two months prior to the intervention; Working or doing a thesis/internship at the division of Human Nutrition & Health, or the Food, Health & Consumer Research group of Wageningen Food & Biobased Research.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Within person difference in blood glucose incremental area under the curve following a 75 g glucose tolerance test between the NNS diet and the non-NNS diet. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The effect of NNS on Matsuda index, insulin response, blood lipid profile, and gut hormone secretion will be determined. The effect of NNS on small- and large intestinal microbiome will be investigated by a change in composition, functionality, and short chain fatty acid content. The effect of NNS on sweet taste sensitivity, preference, and liking will be investigated, as well as the excretion of NNS in urine and saliva | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Contacts
Public ContactC.N. Kieft
Wageningen Universiteit
Outcome results
None listed