Social anxiety Social phobia Social anxiety
Conditions
Interventions
Following t0 assessment, participants will be assigned a therapist who will
lead the preparation and integration sessions and a trained facilitator who
will lead the breathwork sessions. Following t
Sponsors
Universiteit Maastricht
Eligibility
Age
18 Years to 64 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Fluent in the English or Dutch language Aged between 18 and 65 LSAS score =30 Written informed consent
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Hypotension (diastolic < 60 mmHg; systolic > 90 mmHg) or hypertension (diastolic > 90 mmHg; systolic > 140 mmHg) History or presence of psychotic or bipolar disorders or first-degree relatives suffering from this Presence of current respiratory diseases, except medically managed asthma, allergic rhinitis, dust mite allergy. Presence of cardiovascular/heart diseases. History of recurrent fainting (2 or more in a year with unknown aetiology) or syncope, epilepsy or seizures History of diagnosed panic disorder or panic attacks, Having had adverse reactions with prior breathwork sessions (i.e., fainting), Pregnancy, thinking one might be pregnant, trying to get pregnant, or breastfeeding Any problems affecting the ability to pace breathing (i.e., active/chronic respiratory infection including blocked nose/cough/cold/fever, etc.), breathlessness, abnormally slow breathing (bradypnea), or abnormally fast breathing (tachypnoea), any other physical/mental health conditions or current life events impairing the ability to engage in activities involving breath control Taking any regular medication other than the contraceptive pill, including medications to reduce blood pressure (i.e., Ramipril or other ACE-inhibitors) and beta-blockers (i.e., Propranolol).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Social anxiety - Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Rater-assessed performance in the Getting Acquainted Task (GAT) Heart rate variability (HRV) Salivary Cortisol (SC) Therapeutic alliance - Working Alliance Inventory - Self-Report (WAI-SR) Treatment expectancy - Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ) Openness to experience - Big Five Inventory (BFI) Suggestibility - Modified Tellegen Absorption Scale (MODTAS) ASC phenomenology - 5 Dimensions of Altered States of Consciousness (5D-ASC); Peak Experience Scale (PES) Empathy - Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET); Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) Well-being - World Health Organisation Well-Being Index (WHO-5); Resilience - Resilience Scale (RS) Cognitive Flexibility - Cognitive Flexibility Index (CFI) Person perception - Implicit Association Task (IAT) Mood - Positive And Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) Sleep - Groeningen Sleep Quality Scale (GSQS) Anxiety - State and Trait Anxiety InventoryEmotion dysregulation – Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) Sexual communication - Dyadic Sexual Communication Scale (DSC) Female sexual functioning - Female Sexual Functioning Index (FSFI) Male sexual functioning - International Index of Erectile Function Couple empathy - Interpersonal Reactivity Index for Couples (IRI-C) Empathy - Inclusion of Other in Self scale (IOS) Partner responsiveness - Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale (PPRS) Sexual pleasure - Sexual Pleasure Scale (SPS) Interoceptive awareness - Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness – 2 (MAIA-2) Qualitative description of participants’ subjective experience during BAT and role of therapy components Therapists’ qualitative description of the role of therapy components. | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Contacts
Public ContactM Cavarra
Universiteit Maastricht
Outcome results
None listed