n/a
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Experiment I with healthy volunteers: • Age 18 years and higher Experiment II with patient participants: • Age 18 years and higher • A clinical indication for undergoing a surgery, such as a brainstem stroke or a neurovascular conflict Survey study with healthy volunteers: • Age 18 years and higher
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Experiment I with healthy volunteers: • A history of electrical stimulation on the face for clinical reasons • Impairment in facial muscle movement Experiment II with patient participants: • Indication of longer than average (6 hours for brainstem surgery and 4 hours for neurovascular conflict surgery) duration of the procedure (estimation by the neurosurgeon). • The neurosurgeon or neurophysiologist decides that a certain patient is not eligible to participate in the study (e.g., for medical or surgical reasons). • Reported function loss that prohibits the accurate performance of the required tasks. Survey study with healthy volunteers: • Participation in Experiment I.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The main study parameter is the accuracy of FES-induced facial expressions. The accuracy will be accessed using a number of different measurements and analyses, including 1) manual and computer-based analysis of video recordings of subjects* facial movements during FES; 2) self-reported perceptual feedback of subjects regarding what facial expression was induced and their certainty estimates about it; 3) ratings of recognizability of FES-induced facial expressions in processed video recordings by external observers; 4) whenever possible, electromyography recordings tracking individual facial muscle movements during FES application. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The secondary study parameters or endpoints consist of stimulation parameters, effects of inter-subject variability and the relationship between individual facial muscles and wholistic facial expressions. | — |
Countries
Netherlands