depressed mood depression
Conditions
Interventions
Participants in the current study will participate in 8 group sessions of
positive cognitive behavioral therapy as described by Bannink (2012) according
to the Positive CBT group treatment protocol
Sponsors
Mondriaan Zorggroep (Heerlen)
Eligibility
Age
65 Years to 99 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: The inclusion criteria for participation in this study are (1) age of 65 years or older and (2) diagnosis of major depressive disorder according to DSM-5 criteria (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), lasting no longer than two years (not chronic). The inclusion criteria for participation in this study for next of kin/informants is that a next of kin (patient) participates in the study.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria for patients will be (1) not being fluent in Dutch language, (2) comorbid mental disorders which could interfere with the treatment (e.g., major cognitive disorder (MMSE score lower than 24), substance use disorders, psychotic disorders, delirium, bipolar disorder, antisocial personality disorder, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, suspected IQ lower than 80, and/or disorders with a strong crisogenic nature). In addition, participants who are expected to be unable to attend all of the required sessions (e.g., due to somatic disorder) will be excluded from participation. Furthermore, participants are required to have an informant (for example, a spouse or close family member). The use of antidepressant medication will be allowed, preferably with no changes for at least one month before the treatment phase until completion of the follow-up. If during the study it becomes apparent that it is medically necessary for changes to be made to the medication, this is permitted. If this is the case, patients are allowed to continue to participate in the study and group treatment.. Finally, the patient should not receive psychological treatment other than the treatment that is part of the current study. Exclusion criteria for next of kin/informants for participation in this study are (1) not being fluent in the Dutch language and (2) the expectation that they will not be able to participate in all required measurement moments.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-SR-16; Trivedi et al., 2004) will be used as primary outcome measure to assess depressive symptoms. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The Remission from Depression Questionnaire (RDQ; Zimmerman et al., 2013) will be used as a secondary outcome measurement to assess depressive symptoms. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988) and the Joviality subscale of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule - Extended (PANAS-X; Watson & Clark, 1999) will be used to assess positive and negative affect. The Life-Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R; Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, 1994), (Dutch translation: Meevissen et al., 2011), will be used to measure optimism. Overall happiness will be assessed by using the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS; Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999). The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF; Lamers et al., 2011) will be used to measure three components of well-being: emotional, psychological and social. Personality functioning will be measured conform the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders as described in the DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Both criterion A (indices of personality functioning) as well as criterion B (maladaptive personality traits) will be measured. Criterion A will be assessed with the Level of Personality Functioning Brief Form 2.0 (LPFS-BF 2.0; Weekers et al., 2019). Criterion B will be measured with the Personality Inventory for DSM -5 Brief Form + Modified (PID-5-BF+M; Bach et al., 2020). | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed