algemene hersenontwikkeling en gedragsontwikkeling general brain and behavioral development
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam
Eligibility
Age
2 Years to 64 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: In order to be included in the study participants will need to have a good understanding of Dutch, have normal or-corrected to normal vision
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Participants should report no use of psychotropic medication during the first wave Participants should not have contraindications for MRI or EEG (e.g., metal implants, heart arrhythmia, claustrophobia) Participants should not be pregnant Participants should be able and willing to provide informed consent (and for participants under age 16, their legel representatives should also be able and willing to do so)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| In line with the primary objectives of the study, the primary study parameters include self-regulation (e.g., delay discounting, goal setting), reward processing, trust, inhibition, their neural correlates, and how they are related to age/development. Using ESM, we will also measure how self-regulation fluctuates over time. • Self-regulation, reward processing, inhibition, and trust will be operationalized both on a behavioral level (i.e., responses on the fMRI tasks and EEG tasks described under 8.3) and on a neural level. o For self-regulation, we will calculate the area under the curve (AUC) for the different task conditions using a 3 (target: self, friend, stranger) by 2 (choice: now vs. later) design. We will then use a repeated measures ANOVA to examine differences in the AUC depending on the task conditions. Regarding the brain, the whole brain contrast [self-regulation vs. control] will be assessed, and we will perform an ANOVA with a 3 (target: self, friend, stranger) by 2 (choice: now vs. later) design. This allows us to measure neural activity in brain regions related to self-regulation for self and others. o Reward processing will be operationalized as neural activity during a vicarious reward task (i.e., whole brain contrast for win > lose to measure which brain regions are more active when you experience reward as in winning, indicating higher reward reactivity in those brain regions). In this task, we will examine the contrast win > lose for self and others, and we will also compare activity between targets (e.g., [win > lose for self] versus [win > lose for other] using an ANOVA. o Trust will be operationalized as the percentage of trust choices in a dichotomous trust game (i.e., a trust game in which participants can either trust another person or not) towards different targets (e.g., friends and strangers). Regarding neural activity, we will examine contrasts in which we compare trust > no trust and the different targets | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| This study includes a wide range of secondary outcomes, which include structural MRI; self-regulation, goal motivation, reward sensitivity, background measures, parenting measures, social media measures, and outcome measures as assessed by questionnaires (see Table 2 in the protocol); hormone data collected with saliva and hair; genetic data collected via saliva (see below); ERPs measured by EEG related to non-social inhibition and reward processing; and a behavioral effort task. The background measures include questions asking for sensitive data, such as age, income, and ethnicity. We ask for this sensitive information because one of the goals of the current study is to obtain a sample that covers a broad range of different backgrounds, both in terms of for example income and ethnicity. The lack of information that scientists have on participants* background, and that certain marginalized groups are underrepresented in scientific studies is problematic for the generalizability of findings about brain-behavior mechanisms, as well as for the validity, reliability, and reproducibility of results. By asking for sensitive data like income and ethnicity, we can aim to make the current study representative and we can transparently communicate about the generalizability of the findings in scientific publications. | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed