Feedback learning, Stress response
Conditions
Interventions
The study population will consist of N = 288 young adults aged 18-24 years (N=240 plus 20% to account for dropout), who self-report having experienced CA up until age 18 (see section 4.4 for a detaile
http://ul.sonasystems.com) through which we will broadcast general information about the study. We have used a similar approach for the RAISE study in Cambridge, UK (Moreno-López et al., 2021), which
Sponsors
Universiteit Leiden
Eligibility
Age
18 Years to 64 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Young adults aged between 18-24 years (inclusive). Able and willing to provide digital informed consent. Able to speak, write, and understand Dutch fluently. Any experience of CA as retrospectively assessed with the YCAS (i.e., death of a very close friend or family member, major upheaval between parents, traumatic sexual experience, victim of violence, extreme illness or injury, and any other major traumatic event) up until the age of 18.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: High depressive symptoms and/or current suicidality. History of significant head trauma, premature birth. Current neurodevelopmental disorders like autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). MRI contraindications (e.g., metal implants, surgical clips, pacemakers, claustrophobia, or pregnancy).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The goal of the THRIVE study is to examine the neurobiological mechanisms of friendship support in young adults (aged 18-24 years) with a history of CA. For that we will investigate different potential mechanisms: neural stress responses, self-esteem stability, positive autobiographical memory specificity and emotion processing. Furthermore, dynamics of friendship, social stress and mental health will be mapped over time in the real world. Hence, we will use the following main study parameters: Main predictors: Childhood adversity To estimate childhood adversity (CA), we will use a principal component analysis to estimate a latent factor predicting variance across all items that have assessed CA experiences (using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale, and the Youth and Childhood Adversity Scale). The latent factor score for CA will then be extracted and utilized in all subsequent analyses. Social stress To estimate recent social stress, we will use a principle component analysis to estimate a latent factor predicting variance across all items that assess recent social stress (i.e. recent life events questionnaire (LEQ), Perceived stress scale (PSS), and new endorsements (since baseline) on the follow-up assessments of the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MVPS). Friendship support To assess friendship support, we will use a principal component analysis to estimate a latent factor predicting variance across items that have assessed perceived friendship support (using the Cambridge Friendship Questionnaire, McGill Friendship Questionnaire-Friendship Functions, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (subscales peer problems and prosocial behavior) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support). The latent factor score for friendship support will then be extracted and utilized in all subsequent analyses. Main outcomes: Neural stress responses Neural stress responses will be examined with | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The secondary study parameters include age, gender identity, sex assigned at birth, ethnic orientation, sexual orientation, highest level of education, occupation, caregiver household income, caregiver education status and covid related experiences. These factors will be analyzed in exploratory post-hoc analyses and added as covariates in our models. | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Contacts
Public ContactA.L. Harmelen
Universiteit Leiden
Outcome results
None listed